unyango isigaba 4 ukhetho unyango umhlaza wemiphunga Izibhedlele

IiNdlela zoNyango lweNqanaba lesi-4 loMhlaza weMiphunga: Izibhedlele kunye noNonophelo oluBanzi

Inqanaba lesi-4 lomhlaza wemiphunga lizisa imiceli mngeni ebalulekileyo, kodwa inkqubela phambili kunyango inika ithemba kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi. Esi sikhokelo siphonononga ezahlukeneyo unyango isigaba 4 ukhetho unyango umhlaza wemiphunga ekhoyo, igxile kukhathalelo olubanzi olubonelelwa zizibhedlele eziphambili ezigxile kwi-oncology. Siza kuphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, iingenelo ezinokuthi zibekho kunye nezinto ezingahambi kakuhle, kunye neengqwalasela ezibalulekileyo ekukhetheni indlela yonyango elungileyo.

Ukuqonda iNqanaba lesi-4 loMhlaza weMiphunga

Uxilongo kunye neStaging

Ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu. Iindlela zokucinga ezifana ne-CT scans, iPET scans, kunye ne-biopsies zisetyenziswa ukuqinisekisa ubukho nobungakanani bomhlaza. Inqanaba limisela ukusasazeka komhlaza, kwaye inqanaba lesi-4 libonisa i-metastasis (umhlaza usasazeka kumalungu akude).

Iinjongo zonyango

Unyango lujolise ekulawuleni iimpawu, ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi, kunye nokwandisa ubomi. Ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo kunokungasoloko kusenzeka kweli nqanaba, kodwa unyango olujoliswe kuyo lunokuba nefuthe kakhulu ekuqhubeleni phambili kwesi sifo. Ukhetho lwe unyango isigaba 4 ukhetho unyango umhlaza wemiphunga kuxhomekeke kwizinto eziliqela, kuquka impilo yesigulana iyonke, uhlobo nendawo esikuyo umhlaza, nezinto azikhethayo.

IiNdlela eziFumanekayo zoNyango lweNqanaba lesi-4 loMhlaza weMiphunga

Unyango ngamachiza

I-Chemotherapy ihlala isisiseko se isigaba 4 unyango umhlaza wemiphunga. Kubandakanya ukusebenzisa amachiza anamandla okubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Iirejimeni ezahlukeneyo zechemotherapy zikhona, kwaye ukhetho luxhomekeke kuhlobo oluthile lomhlaza kunye nezinto zesigulana. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziyahluka kodwa zinokuquka ukudinwa, isicaphucaphu, nokulahleka kweenwele. Ichemotherapy yanamhlanje ihlala idityaniswa nonyango ekujoliswe kulo ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kwayo.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo luhlasela iiseli ezithile zomhlaza ngaphandle kokonakalisa iiseli ezisempilweni njengechemotherapy. La mayeza agxininise kwiinguqu zemfuza okanye iiprotheni eziqhuba ukukhula komhlaza. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-EGFR inhibitors, i-ALK inhibitors, kunye ne-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Uvavanyo lwemfuza luhlala luyimfuneko ukuze kubonwe ukufaneleka konyango olujoliswe kuyo.

Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy idibanisa amajoni omzimba ukulwa nomhlaza. Isebenza ngokonyusa amandla amajoni omzimba okuqaphela kunye nokutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. I-Checkpoint inhibitors, njengazo zijolise kwi-PD-1 okanye i-PD-L1, ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwi isigaba 4 unyango umhlaza wemiphunga. I-Immunotherapy inokuba neenzuzo ezibalulekileyo zexesha elide kwezinye izigulana.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha lusebenzisa imiqadi enamandla kakhulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa amathumba, ukukhulula intlungu, kunye nokuphucula iimpawu. Unyango lweradiation lunokunikwa ngaphandle (ngaphandle kwemitha yemitha) okanye ngaphakathi (brachytherapy).

Utyando

Utyando lunokuqwalaselwa kwiimeko ezithile zenqanaba lesi-4 lomhlaza wemiphunga, njengaxa ithumba elikhulu libangela iimpawu ezibalulekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ayiqhelekanga kunezinye iindlela zonyango kwizifo ezixhaphakileyo.

Ukhathalelo lweNkxaso

Ukhathalelo lwenkxaso lubalulekile kuyo yonke inkqubo yonyango. Ijolise ekulawuleni iimpawu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi besigulane. Oku kunokubandakanya ukulawulwa kweentlungu, inkxaso yesondlo, kunye nokucetyiswa ngokweemvakalelo. Ukunyamekelwa kwePalliative yindlela ekhethekileyo yokunyamekela inkxaso ejolise ekunikeni intuthuzelo nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi kubantu abanezigulo ezinzulu.

Ukukhetha iSibhedlele esiLungileyo kwiNqanaba lesi-4 loNyango loMhlaza weMiphuphu

Ukukhetha isibhedlele esinesebe elizinikeleyo le-oncology kunye neengcali ezinamava kubalulekile. Khangela izibhedlele ezinobuchwepheshe bonyango oluphezulu kunye nendlela yeqela lezinto ezininzi, ukuqinisekisa intsebenziswano phakathi kwe-oncologists, oogqirha botyando, i-radiologists, kunye nezinye iingcali zempilo. Qwalasela izinto ezinjengophononongo lwezigulane, amandla ophando, kunye namava esibhedlele ngonyango oluthile. I IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa liziko elikhokelayo elizinikele ekuboneleleni phambili ukhetho lonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kunye nokhathalelo olubanzi lwezigulane.

Iingqwalasela ezibalulekileyo

Izigqibo zonyango kufuneka zenziwe ngokubonisana ne-oncologist yezonyango. Izinto emazixoxwe ziquka uhlobo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza wemiphunga, impilo yesigulana iyonke, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokuthi zibekho, kunye nezinto ezikhethwa ngumntu. Ukuqeshwa okulandelwa rhoqo kubalulekile ukujonga ukusebenza konyango kunye nokulungelelanisa isicwangciso njengoko kufuneka.

I-Disclaimer:

Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko udibana nengcali yezempilo kuyo nayiphi na inkxalabo yezempilo okanye ngaphambi kokuba wenze naziphi na izigqibo ezinxulumene nempilo okanye unyango lwakho.