ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kusenesikhathi

Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza Wamaphaphu Wakuqala: Ukuxilongwa, Izigaba, kanye Nezinketho Zokwelashwa Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kuthuthukisa kakhulu amathuba okuphumelela. ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kusenesikhathi. Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukubuka okuphelele komdlavuza wamaphaphu wesigaba sokuqala, okuhlanganisa ukuxilongwa, ukuhleleka, kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo. Sizohlola intuthuko yakamuva nezindlela zokukusiza uqonde kangcono lesi sifo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Lolu lwazi ololwazi olujwayelekile futhi akufanele luthathe indawo yokubonisana nochwepheshe bezokwelapha.

Ukuxilongwa Komdlavuza Wamaphaphu Wakuqala kanye Nezigaba

Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukuze kuphumelele ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kusenesikhathi. Umdlavuza wamaphaphu uvame ukuba nezimpawu ezicashile, okwenza kube inselele ukutholakala kusenesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa okuvamile, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasengozini enkulu, kungathuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela. Ukuxilongwa ngokuvamile kuhilela izinyathelo ezimbalwa:

Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe

Ama-X-ray esifuba, ama-CT scan, nama-PET scan avame ukusetshenziselwa ukubona nokuthola amaqhuqhuva noma izinqwaba zamaphaphu. Lezi zindlela zokuthwebula izithombe zisiza ekunqumeni ubukhulu, indawo kanye nezinga lesimila.

I-Biopsy

I-biopsy ihlanganisa ukukhipha isampula lethishu elincane endaweni esolisayo ukuze lihlolwe elabhorethri. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlonzwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu nokunquma uhlobo lwawo (isb., umdlavuza wamaphaphu ongewona omncane (NSCLC) noma umdlavuza wamaphaphu omncane (SCLC)).

Ukudlala

Uma sekuqinisekisiwe ukuxilongwa, kwenziwa ukulinganisa ukuze kutholakale izinga lokusabalala komdlavuza. Uhlelo lwesiteji lusebenzisa izinombolo (0-IV) ukuhlukanisa isifo ngokusekelwe kusayizi wesimila, ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node, kanye ne-metastasis. Isiteji esinembile sibalulekile ekuqondiseni izinqumo zokwelashwa.

Izinketho Zokwelashwa Zomdlavuza Wamaphaphu Wesigaba Sasekuqaleni

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu osaqala kuyahlukahluka kuye ngezinto ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa uhlobo nesigaba somdlavuza, impilo yesiguli iyonke, kanye nezinto ezithandwa umuntu. Izindlela zokwelapha ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa:

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuba yindlela yokwelapha eyinhloko yomdlavuza wamaphaphu osaqala. Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa luncike endaweni kanye nobukhulu besimila. Izinketho zihlanganisa i-lobectomy (ukususwa kwe-lobe yamaphaphu), ukukhishwa kwe-wedges (ukususwa kwengxenye encane yamaphaphu), kanye ne-pneumonectomy (ukususwa kwephaphu lonke).

Ukwelapha Ngemisebe

Ukwelapha ngemisebe kusebenzisa imisebe enamandla amakhulu ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ingasetshenziswa iyodwa noma ihlanganiswe nokuhlinzwa noma i-chemotherapy. I-Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), uhlobo olunembe kakhulu lokwelapha ngemisebe, imvamisa isetshenziselwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu wesigaba sangaphambi kwesikhathi ongafanele ukuhlinzwa.

I-Chemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa izidakamizwa ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ingase isetshenziswe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa (i-neoadjuvant chemotherapy) ukuze kuncishiswe isimila noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa (i-adjuvant chemotherapy) ukuze kwehliswe ingozi yokuphindeka. Ukukhethwa kwezidakamizwa ze-chemotherapy kuncike ohlotsheni kanye nesiteji somdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Ukwelapha Okuhlosiwe

Izindlela zokwelapha ezihlosiwe ziyimithi eqondise ngokuqondile amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuyilapho inciphisa ukulimala kwamangqamuzana anempilo. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zivame ukusetshenziselwa iziguli ezinezinguquko ezithile zofuzo kumaseli azo omdlavuza wamaphaphu. Funda kabanzi mayelana nemithi yokwelapha ehlosiwe evela ku-National Cancer Institute.

Ukukhethwa Kokwelashwa: Indlela Yokuhlanganyela

Ukukhetha ezifanele kakhulu ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kusenesikhathi isu wumzamo wokubambisana phakathi kwesiguli nethimba lemikhakha eminingi yochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo, okuhlanganisa ama-oncologists, odokotela abahlinzayo, odokotela be-radiologist, nabanye ochwepheshe. Leli thimba lizocabangela zonke izici ezifanele ukuze lidale uhlelo lokwelapha lomuntu siqu.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe nokwesekwa mayelana nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ungathintana nabakwa- I-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute ukuze uthole iseluleko nokunakekelwa kochwepheshe.

Ukubikezela kanye Nokunakekelwa Kokulandelela

Isibikezelo somdlavuza wamaphaphu osesigabeni sokuqala singcono kakhulu kunezigaba ezithuthukile. Ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela okuvamile, okuhlanganisa nokuhlolwa kwezithombe, kubalulekile ukuze kuqashwe ukuphindeka nokuqinisekisa ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kwanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezintsha. Uhlelo oluthile lokulandelela luzonqunywa ithimba lakho lezempilo.

Khumbula, ukutholwa kusenesikhathi futhi ngokushesha ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kusenesikhathi yizici ezibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni imiphumela. Uma unokukhathazeka ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu, thintana nochwepheshe bezempilo ngokushesha.