ukwelashwa kokuphelelwa umoya ezibhedlela zomdlavuza wamaphaphu

Ukwelashwa Kokuphefumula Ezibhedlela Zomdlavuza WamaphaphuLe ndatshana ihlinzeka ngolwazi olubanzi mayelana nokulawula ukuphelelwa umoya, uphawu oluvamile lomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Sihlola izindlela zokwelapha ezihlukahlukene ezitholakala ezibhedlela ezikhethekile zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, sigxile ekudambiseni izimpawu nokuthuthukisa izinga lempilo. Ulwazi olunikeziwe ololwazi jikelele futhi akufanele luthathwe njengeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala uthintana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa.

Ukwelashwa Kokuphefumula Ezibhedlela Zomdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Ukuphefumula, noma i-dyspnea, kuwuphawu olucindezelayo oluvame ukutholwa abantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ubunzima bungahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi isigaba somdlavuza nezici zomuntu ngamunye. Ngenhlanhla, izindlela zokwelapha ezihlukahlukene ziyatholakala ukuze kudambiswe lolu phawu futhi kuthuthukiswe izinga lempilo yeziguli. Lesi sihloko sihlola indlela ehlangene yokuphatha ukwelashwa kokuphelelwa umoya ezibhedlela zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, eqokomisa izinketho ezihlinzekwa yizikhungo ezikhethekile njenge I-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute.

Ukuqonda Izimbangela Zokuphefumula Kumdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Ukuphelelwa umoya kumdlavuza wamaphaphu kungabangelwa izici eziningana. Ukukhula kwesimila kungacindezela imigudu yomoya, kunciphise ukugeleza komoya. Ukugcwala koketshezi emaphashini (i-pleural effusion) nakho kungakhawulela ukwanda kwamaphaphu. Ezinye izici ezinomthelela zihlanganisa i-metastasis (ukusabalala komdlavuza) emaphashini, ukutheleleka, kanye ne-anemia. Ukuxilongwa okunembile kubalulekile ukuze kutholwe imbangela eyisisekelo futhi kwenziwe amasu okwelapha afanele.

Izinketho Zokwelashwa Zokuphefumula Kumdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Imithi

Imithi eminingana ingakwazi ukuphatha kahle ukuphefumula. Ama-bronchodilator aphumuza imigudu yokuphefumula, athuthukise ukugeleza komoya. Ama-diuretics asiza ukwehlisa ukugcwala koketshezi, ehlise ukucindezela emaphashini. Ama-opioid, ngenkathi esetshenziswa ngokuqapha ngenxa yemiphumela engemihle engaba khona, anganikeza ukukhululeka kokuphefumula kanzima. Umuthi othize kanye nomthamo kunqunywa ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zomuntu kanye nesimo sezempilo. Hlala uthintana nochwepheshe bezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuqala noma yimiphi imithi emisha.

Ukwelashwa Ngeoksijini

Ukwelashwa komoyampilo okungeziwe kuvamise ukusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa amazinga komoyampilo egazini, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezinokugcwala okuphansi komoyampilo egazini. Umoya-mpilo unganikezwa ngama-cannula ekhala noma imaski, okuhlinzeka ngokukhululeka okusheshayo ekuphefumuleni. Inani lomoya-mpilo owengeziwe elibekiwe lizohluka kuye ngezidingo ezithile zesiguli.

Ukwelapha Ngemisebe

Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungasetshenziswa ukunciphisa izimila ezicindezela imigudu yokuphefumula, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukuphefumula. Le ndlela ibhekana ngqo nembangela yokuphelelwa umoya ezimeni ezithile. Ukusebenza nokufaneleka kokwelashwa ngemisebe kuncike endaweni kanye nosayizi wesimila.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kungase kucatshangelwe izinqubo ezifana ne-pleurodesis (ukususwa koketshezi lwe-pleural) noma ukususa izimila ezibangela ukuvinjwa kwendlela yomoya. Isinqumo sokuqhubeka nokuhlinzwa senziwa ngokulandelana, kucatshangelwa impilo yonke yesiguli kanye nesigaba somdlavuza. Lezi zinqubo ngokuvamile zenziwa ezindaweni ezikhethekile ukwelashwa kokuphelelwa umoya ezibhedlela zomdlavuza wamaphaphu namaqembu okuhlinzwa anolwazi.

I-Palliative Care

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Palliative kudlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni ukuphefumula, ukugxila ekunciphiseni izimpawu kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lokuphila. Le ndlela yokwenza izinto eziningi ihilela ukuphathwa kobuhlungu, ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo, nokubhekana nezinye izimpawu zomzimba. Ukunakekelwa kwe-Palliative kuhloswe ukuthuthukisa ukunethezeka nokuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yesiguli iyonke.

Ukukhetha Isibhedlela Somdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Ukukhetha isibhedlela esifanelekile somdlavuza wamaphaphu kubalulekile ukuze sithole ngempumelelo ukwelashwa kokuphelelwa umoya kanye nokunakekelwa okuphelele komdlavuza. Cabangela izici ezifana nekhono lesibhedlela ekwelapheni umdlavuza wamaphaphu, amandla awo obuchwepheshe, kanye nokutholakala kwezinsizakalo ezikhethekile ezifana nokunakekelwa kwe-palliative. Isibhedlela esinethimba lezinhlaka eziningi zongoti be-oncologists, odokotela bamaphaphu, odokotela bokuphefumula, nochwepheshe bokunakekelwa kwe-palliative sinikeza indlela ephelele futhi ehlangene.

Ithebula: Ukuqhathanisa Izinketho Zokwelashwa Zokungaphefumuli

Indlela Yokwelapha	Indlela Yokwenza	Izinzuzo	Engase Engase Side Effects
Imithi (ama-Bronchodilators)	Ikhulula imisipha yomoya	Ukugeleza komoya okuthuthukisiwe, ukuphefumula okulula	Ukuqhaqhazela, ukushaya kwenhliziyo
Ukwelashwa Ngeoksijini	Yandisa amazinga e-oxygen egazini	Ukugcwala komoyampilo okuthuthukisiwe, kunciphise ukuphefumula	Ikhala elomile, ukucasuka kwesikhumba
Ukwelapha Ngemisebe	Inciphisa izimila ezicindezela umoya	Ukugeleza komoya okuthuthukisiwe, kunciphisa ukuphefumula	Ukukhathala, ukucasuka kwesikhumba

Khumbula, lolu lwazi ololwazi jikelele futhi akufanele luthathwe njengeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala uthintana nodokotela wakho noma uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze uxilongwe futhi welashwe ukuphelelwa umoya noma okunye ukukhathazeka ngezempilo. Ulwazi olunikezwe lapha aluthathi iseluleko sochwepheshe bezokwelapha. Ngaso sonke isikhathi funa iseluleko sikadokotela wakho noma omunye umhlinzeki wezempilo oqeqeshiwe nganoma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo mayelana nesimo sezempilo. Ungalokothi udebe iseluleko sezokwelapha esiqeqeshiwe noma ubambezeleke ukusifuna ngenxa yento oyifunde kule webhusayithi.