ukwelashwa izinketho zokwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu ngesiteji eduze kwami

Izinketho Zokwelapha Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu Ngesigaba: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Izinketho zokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu ziyehluka kakhulu kuye ngesigaba somdlavuza. Lo mhlahlandlela uhlinzeka ngesifinyezo sezindlela zokwelapha ezehlukene ezitholakalayo, ukusebenza kwazo ezigabeni ezihlukahlukene, nezici okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kwenziwa izinqumo zokwelashwa. Khumbula, lolu lwazi ololwazi olujwayelekile futhi akufanele luthathe indawo yokubonisana nodokotela oqeqeshiwe we-oncologist. Ngaso sonke isikhathi funa izeluleko zezokwelapha zesimo sakho esithile.

Ukuqonda Izigaba Zomdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Isigaba somdlavuza wamaphaphu sibalulekile ekunqumeni inkambo engcono kakhulu ukwelashwa izinketho zokwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu ngesiteji eduze kwami. Uhlelo lwesiteji lusebenzisa izinombolo zesi-Roman (I-IV) ukuhlukanisa izinga lomdlavuza, mina ngingowokuqala futhi IV ngihamba phambili kakhulu. Isiteji sinqunywa ngokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene okuhlanganisa izikena ze-imaging (CT, PET), i-biopsy, kanye ne-bronchoscopy engase ibe khona. Ukwazi isigaba kusiza ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuthi lincome uhlelo lokwelapha olufaneleka kakhulu nolusebenza ngempumelelo.

Stage I Lung Cancer

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu we-Stage I utholakala endaweni, okusho ukuthi awusakazeki ngale kwamaphaphu. Izinketho zokwelapha ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukuhlinzwa (lobectomy, segmentectomy, wedge resection), ngokuvamile okulandelwa ukwelashwa kwe-adjuvant (chemotherapy noma ukwelapha ngemisebe) ukuze kuqedwe noma yimaphi amaseli omdlavuza amancane asele.

Isigaba II Umdlavuza wamaphaphu

Isigaba II sikhombisa ukuthi umdlavuza usukhule waba mkhulu noma ususabalele kuma-lymph nodes aseduze. Ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuhlinzwa, ngokuvamile okuhlanganiswe ne-adjuvant chemotherapy noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe, kuye ngezici ezithile zesimila kanye nempilo yesiguli iyonke.

Isigaba III Umdlavuza wamaphaphu

Esigabeni III, umdlavuza ususabalele kuma-lymph nodes noma izakhiwo eziseduze. Izinketho zokwelapha ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi zingabandakanya inhlanganisela yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali, ukwelapha ngemisebe (okuhlanganisa nokwelashwa ngeradiation ye-stereotactic body - SBRT), kanye nokuhlinzwa okungenzeka uma umdlavuza uthathwa njengongaphinde utholakale ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-neoadjuvant (ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa).

Isigaba IV Umdlavuza wamaphaphu

Isigaba IV, esaziwa nangokuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu we-metastatic, sibonisa ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele ezindaweni ezikude zomzimba. Ukwelashwa kugxile ekulawuleni lesi sifo nasekuthuthukiseni izinga lempilo, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe, i-immunotherapy, i-chemotherapy, nokunakekelwa okusekelayo.

Izinketho Zokwelapha Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Izindlela zokwelashwa eziningana zisetshenziswa ekulweni nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kuye ngesiteji kanye nesimo sesiguli ngasinye. Lokhu kubandakanya:

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa kuhloswe ukususa isimila esinomdlavuza kanye nama-lymph nodes aseduze. Kunezinqubo ezihlukene zokuhlinza, kusukela ezindleleni ezingavamisile ukuya ekuhlinzweni okubanzi kakhulu. Ukufaneleka kokuhlinzwa kuncike esigabeni somdlavuza, impilo yesiguli, nendawo nobukhulu besimila.

I-Chemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa izidakamizwa ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuwo wonke umzimba. Ingasetshenziswa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa (i-neoadjuvant), ngemva kokuhlinzwa (i-adjuvant), noma njengokwelashwa okuyinhloko komdlavuza wamaphaphu osesiteji esithuthukisiwe. Izidakamizwa ezivamile ze-chemotherapy zihlanganisa i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin, ne-paclitaxel.

Ukwelapha Ngemisebe

Ukwelapha ngemisebe kusebenzisa imisebe enamandla amakhulu ukukhomba nokubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ingasetshenziswa iyodwa noma ihlanganiswe nezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njenge-chemotherapy noma ukuhlinzwa. Kukhona amasu ahlukene emisebe, okuhlanganisa ukwelapha ngemisebe yangaphandle (EBRT) kanye ne-brachytherapy.

Ukwelapha Okuhlosiwe

Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe kusebenzisa izidakamizwa eziqondise ngokuqondile amangqamuzana omdlavuza, ukunciphisa umonakalo kumaseli anempilo. Le mithi isebenza ngokuphazamisa ama-molecule athile ahilelekile ekukhuleni komdlavuza nokusabalala. Izibonelo zifaka ama-EGFR inhibitors (gefitinib, erlotinib) nama-ALK inhibitors (crizotinib, alectinib).

I-Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy ihlanganisa amasosha omzimba ukuze alwe namaseli omdlavuza. Isebenza ngokuthuthukisa amandla amasosha omzimba okubona futhi acekele phansi amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma ngokuvimbela izimpawu ezivimbela amasosha omzimba ekuhlaseleni amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Izibonelo zifaka ama-checkpoint inhibitors (pembrolizumab, nivolumab).

Ukuthola Ukwelapha Izinketho Zokwelapha Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu Ngesiteji Eduze Kwami

Ukuthola ukunakekelwa okufanele eduze kwakho kudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela. Qala ngokubonana nodokotela wakho oyinhloko, ongakudlulisela kudokotela oncologist ongungoti ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ungasebenzisa futhi izinsiza eziku-inthanethi ukuthola ama-oncologists endaweni yangakini. Qiniseka ukuthi uqinisekisa iziqinisekiso nolwazi lwanoma yimuphi umhlinzeki wezempilo ngaphambi kokwenza isikhathi. Cabangela izici ezifana nezakhiwo zesibhedlela, idumela, kanye nekhono le-oncologist ekwelapheni izigaba ezihlukahlukene zomdlavuza wamaphaphu. I-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute https://www.baofahospital.com/ inikeza ukunakekelwa okuphelele komdlavuza wamaphaphu, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe besimanje kanye nongoti abanolwazi.

Ukucatshangelwa Okubalulekile

Khumbula ukuthi isimo somuntu ngamunye sihlukile. Izinqumo zokwelashwa kufanele zenziwe ngokubambisana eduze nethimba lakho lezokunakekelwa kwempilo, kucatshangelwa izici ezifana nesigaba somdlavuza, uhlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu (umdlavuza wamaphaphu ongewona omncane noma umdlavuza wamaphaphu omncane wengqamuzana), impilo yesiguli iyonke, kanye nezinto esizithandayo.

Umshwana wokuzihlangula

Lolu lwazi luhloselwe izinjongo zokufundisa kuphela futhi aluhlanganisi iseluleko sezokwelapha. Kubalulekile ukuthintana nochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze kuxilongwe nokwelashwa kwanoma yisiphi isimo sezempilo. Ulwazi olunikezwe lapha aluthatheli iseluleko sezokwelapha esichwepheshile, ukuxilonga, noma ukwelashwa. Ngaso sonke isikhathi funa iseluleko sikadokotela wakho noma omunye umhlinzeki wezempilo oqeqeshiwe nganoma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo mayelana nesimo sezempilo. Ungalokothi udebe iseluleko sezokwelapha esiqeqeshiwe noma ubambezeleke ukusifuna ngenxa yento oyifunde kule webhusayithi.