isigaba sokwelashwa 3b ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu

Isigaba 3B Ukwelapha Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu: Umhlahlandlela OpheleleUkuqonda ubunzima besigaba 3B sokwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kubalulekile ezigulini nasemindenini yazo. Lo mhlahlandlela uhlinzeka ngemininingwane eningiliziwe yezinketho zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo, imiphumela engemihle engaba khona, kanye nokubaluleka kokufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha esingochwepheshe. Sizohlola izindlela ezihlukene, sikusize uzulazule kulolu hambo oluyinselele.

Ukuqonda Isigaba 3B Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Isigaba 3B ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu iyinkimbinkimbi futhi idinga indlela ehlukahlukene. Lesi sigaba sibonisa ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele kuma-lymph nodes aseduze futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ususakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zesifuba. Isiteji esinembayo sibalulekile ekunqumeni inkambo engcono kakhulu yokwenza. Ukuhlola okuhlukahlukene, njenge-CT scan, i-PET scan, ne-bronchoscopy, kusetshenziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxilongwa nokunquma izinga lesifo. Uhlelo oluthile lokwelapha luzoncika ezintweni ezifana nempilo yesiguli iyonke, uhlobo nendawo yomdlavuza, kanye nokuba khona kwanoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha.

Izinhlobo Zesigaba 3B Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Isigaba 3B somdlavuza wamaphaphu singahlukaniswa futhi sibe yizinhlobo ezincane ezihlukene ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lweseli kanye nendawo okusabalala kuyo. Lezi zinhlobo ezincane zingathonya amasu okwelapha. Ukuqonda uhlobo oluthile oluncane lubalulekile ekuhleleni ukwelashwa komuntu siqu. I-oncologist eqeqeshiwe izokwazi ukunikeza lolu lwazi ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni ye-biopsy.

Izinketho Zokwelashwa ZeSigaba 3B Umdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Ukwelashwa kwesigaba 3B ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu ngokuvamile kuhilela inhlanganisela yokwelapha. Umgomo uwukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka kuyilapho unciphisa imiphumela emibi.

I-Chemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy yindlela yokwelapha ehlelekile esebenzisa izidakamizwa ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza emzimbeni wonke. Ivamise ukusetshenziswa ngaphambi noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe ukuze kuthuthukiswe amathuba omphumela ophumelelayo. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali, futhi ukukhetha kuncike ezicini ezifana nohlobo lwamangqamuzana omdlavuza kanye nempilo yesiguli iyonke. Ama-ejenti asetshenziswa kakhulu e-chemotherapeutic afaka i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin, i-paclitaxel, ne-docetaxel. Imiphumela engemihle ingahluka kodwa ingase ihlanganise isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukukhathala, ukuqothuka kwezinwele, nokuncipha kwezibalo zamangqamuzana egazi.

Ukwelapha Ngemisebe

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusebenzisa imisebe enamandla amakhulu ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ingasetshenziselwa ukushwabanisa amathumba ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa (ukwelashwa kwe-neoadjuvant), ngemva kokuhlinzwa (ukwelashwa kwe-adjuvant), noma njengokwelashwa okuyinhloko uma ukuhlinzwa kungeyona inketho. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yangaphandle kuwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu, oluletha imisebe emshinini ongaphandle komzimba. Imiphumela engemihle ingabandakanya ukucasuka kwesikhumba, ukukhathala, nobunzima bokugwinya.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa kungase kube inketho kwezinye iziguli ezinesiteji 3B ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, ikakhulukazi uma umdlavuza utholakala ezindaweni ezithile futhi isiguli sithathwa njengesifanele inqubo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukukhipha ingxenye noma wonke amaphaphu athintekile, kanye nama-lymph node aseduze. Amasu okuhlinza aqhubeka ethuthuka ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba nokunciphisa ukuhlasela. Izinkinga zangemuva kokuhlinzwa zingabandakanya ubuhlungu, ukutheleleka, nezinkinga zokuphefumula. Udokotela ohlinza isifuba uzohlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini kanye nezingozi zokuhlinzwa esimweni ngasinye.

Ukwelapha Okuhlosiwe

Ukwelapha okuhlosiwe kusebenzisa izidakamizwa eziqondise amangqamuzana omdlavuza, okushiya amaseli anempilo engenamyocu. Le ndlela inenzuzo ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezinokuguquguquka okuthile kofuzo kumaseli azo wesimila. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zingathuthukisa imiphumela yokwelashwa futhi zinciphise imiphumela emibi uma iqhathaniswa ne-chemotherapy evamile. Ukutholakala kwezindlela zokwelapha ezihlosiwe kuncike emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kofuzo.

I-Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy ihlanganisa amasosha omzimba ukuze alwe namaseli omdlavuza. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zisiza amasosha omzimba ukubona futhi abhubhise amaseli omdlavuza ngempumelelo. I-Immunotherapy ingasetshenziswa ezigabeni ezihlukahlukene zomdlavuza wamaphaphu futhi ibonisa imiphumela ethembisayo ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo zakamuva. Imiphumela engemihle ingahluka futhi ivame ukuphathwa ngempumelelo ngokunakekelwa okusekelayo.

Ukukhetha Uhlelo Lokwelapha Olulungile

Ukukhetha uhlelo olulungile lokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu wesigaba 3B kudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwezinto ezihlukahlukene. Isinqumo kufanele senziwe ngokubonisana eduze nethimba lezinhlaka eziningi zochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo, okuhlanganisa odokotela bomdlavuza, odokotela abahlinzayo, odokotela be-radiation oncologists, nabahlengikazi abagxile ekunakekelweni komdlavuza.

Ukubaluleka Kwendlela Yokwenza Imikhakha Ehlukahlukene

Indlela yethimba lemikhakha eminingi ibalulekile ekuhleleni nasekuphatheni ukwelashwa okufanele. Leli qembu lihlinzeka ngokunakekelwa okuphelele, lingabheki nje izici ezingokomzimba zomdlavuza kodwa futhi nempilo engokomzwelo nengokwengqondo yesiguli.

Ukuphatha I-Side Effects Nokunakekelwa Okusekelayo

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kungabangela imiphumela emibi ehlukahlukene. Ukuphatha le miphumela engemihle kubalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lempilo yesiguli kuyo yonke inqubo yokwelashwa. Ukunakekelwa okusekelayo kungase kuhlanganise imithi yokulawula ubuhlungu, isicanucanu, nokukhathala; ukwelulekwa ngokudla okunempilo; nokusekelwa ngokomzwelo nangokwengqondo.

Uhlobo Lokwelapha	Engase Engase Side Effects
I-Chemotherapy	Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukukhathala, ukuqothuka kwezinwele, ukuncipha kwamangqamuzana egazi
Ukwelapha Ngemisebe	Ukucasuka kwesikhumba, ukukhathala, ubunzima bokugwinya
Ukuhlinzwa	Ubuhlungu, ukutheleleka, izinkinga zokuphefumula
Ukwelapha Okuhlosiwe	Iyahlukahluka kuye ngomuthi othize; kungase kuhlanganise ukuqubuka, ukukhathala, isifo sohudo
I-Immunotherapy	Iyahlukahluka kuye ngomuthi othize; kungase kuhlanganise ukukhathala, ukuqubuka, isifo sohudo, ukuvuvukala

Ukuphathwa Kwesikhathi Eside Nokunakekelwa Kokulandelela

Ngemva kokuqeda isiqalo ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, ukuqokwa njalo kokulandelela kubalulekile ukuze kuqashwe noma yikuphi ukuphindeka noma ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga zezempilo ezintsha. Lawa ma-aphoyintimenti angabandakanya ukuhlolwa kwesithombe nomsebenzi wegazi. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kwanoma yikuphi ukuphindeka kuvumela ukungenelela okusheshayo kanye nemiphumela yokwelashwa ethuthukisiwe. Ukunakekelwa kokulandelela isikhathi eside kuhlanganisa nokuphatha noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside evela ekwelashweni. Ukuze uthole ukwesekwa nolwazi olwengeziwe, cabanga ukufinyelela ezinhlanganweni ezigxile ekusekeleni umdlavuza wamaphaphu kanye nocwaningo. I I-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute inikeza ukunakekelwa okuphelele komdlavuza.Umshwana wokuzihlangula: Lolu lwazi lwenzelwe izinjongo zokufundisa kuphela futhi aluhlanganisi iseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala uthintana nochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe nganoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka ngezempilo noma ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinqumo ezihlobene nempilo noma ukwelashwa kwakho.