ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele

Ukwelashwa Nezinketho Zomdlavuza Webele

Umdlavuza wamabele uyisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi esinezindlela zokwelashwa ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngesiteji, uhlobo, nezici zomuntu ngamunye. Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uhlola okuhlukile ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele ongakhetha kukho, ukuhlinzeka ngolwazi oluzokusiza uqonde ukukhetha kwakho futhi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi. Sizofaka ukuhlinzwa, ukwelapha ngemisebe, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ukwelashwa kwamahomoni, ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe, nokunakekelwa okusekelayo, sigcizelela ukubaluleka kokwenza kube ngokwakho. ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele izinhlelo.

Ukuqonda Izigaba Zomdlavuza Webele Nezinhlobo

Ngaphambi kokuxoxa ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele ongakhetha kukho, kubalulekile ukuqonda izigaba nezinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza webele. Isiteji sibonisa izinga lokusabalala komdlavuza, kuyilapho uhlobo lubhekisela kumaseli athile ahilelekile. Lolu lwazi luba nomthelela omkhulu kulokho okunconyiwe ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele isu. Ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye nesiteji yizinyathelo zokuqala ekudaleni okulungiselelwe ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele uhlelo. Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nesiteji somdlavuza webele, ungabheka iwebhusayithi ye-National Cancer Institute.¹

Izinketho Zokuhlinza Zomdlavuza Webele

I-Lumpectomy

I-lumpectomy ihilela ukususa isimila esinomdlavuza kanye nengxenye encane yezicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile. Le nqubo igcina ibele futhi ngokuvamile ihlanganiswa nokwelashwa ngemisebe. Kuyinketho efanelekile yomdlavuza webele wesigaba sokuqala.

I-Mastectomy

I-mastectomy ihilela ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwebele lonke. Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-mastectomies zikhona, kufaka phakathi ama-mastectomies alula, aguquliwe, nama-radical, ngayinye enamazinga ahlukene okususwa kwezicubu. Ukukhetha kuncike ezicini ezinjengosayizi wesimila, indawo, kanye nezinketho zesiguli.

I-Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy

Le nqubo isiza ekunqumeni ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele yini kuma-lymph nodes. Kubandakanya ukukhipha ama-lymph nodes ambalwa ukuhlola amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Uma umdlavuza ungatholakali kuma-sentinel nodes, ukususwa okwengeziwe kwe-lymph node kungase kungadingeki.

Ukwelashwa Okungekona Ukuhlinzwa Komdlavuza Webele

Ukwelapha Ngemisebe

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusebenzisa imisebe enamandla amakhulu ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi kushwabane izimila. Imvamisa isetshenziswa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuqedwe noma yimaphi amaseli omdlavuza asele noma ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze kunciphe isimila esikhulu. Imiphumela emibi ingabandakanya ukucasuka kwesikhumba nokukhathala.

I-Chemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa izidakamizwa ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuwo wonke umzimba. Ivame ukusetshenziselwa umdlavuza webele we-metastatic noma ukunciphisa ingozi yokuphinda ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Imiphumela emibi evamile ihlanganisa isicanucanu, ukuqothuka kwezinwele, nokukhathala.

Ukwelashwa Kwamahomoni

I-Hormonal therapy isetshenziselwa umdlavuza webele we-hormone-receptor-positive. Isebenza ngokuvimbela ama-hormone abhebhezela ukukhula komdlavuza. Ingalawulwa ngamaphilisi, imijovo, noma izimila. Imiphumela engemihle iyahlukahluka kuye ngomuthi othile.

Ukwelapha Okuhlosiwe

Imithi yokwelapha ehlosiwe igxile kuma-molecule athile ahilelekile ekukhuleni komdlavuza. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zenzelwe ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezithile futhi zingase zisebenze kakhulu futhi zibe nemiphumela engemihle embalwa kunokwelapha ngamakhemikhali okuvamile. Izibonelo zifaka i-Herceptin (trastuzumab) yomdlavuza webele one-HER2.

Ukunakekela Okusekelayo

Ukunakekelwa okusekelayo kugxile ekwenzeni ngcono izinga lempilo yesiguli ngesikhathi ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele nangale kwalokho. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukulawula imiphumela engemihle, ukuhlinzeka ngokusekela ngokomzwelo, nokubhekana nezidingo zokudla okunomsoco. Izikhungo eziningi zomdlavuza zinikeza izinsiza namaqembu okusekela ezigulini nemindeni yazo.

Ukukhetha Uhlelo Lokwelapha Olulungile

Okungcono kakhulu ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele Uhlelo luncike kakhulu kubantu ngabanye futhi luncike ezicini ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa isigaba kanye nohlobo lomdlavuza, impilo yesiguli iyonke, kanye nalokho umuntu akuthandayo. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngazo zonke izinketho ezitholakalayo nodokotela we-oncologist ukuze kuthuthukiswe okuphelele futhi okuqondene nawe ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele isu. I-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute (https://www.baofahospital.com/) izinikele ekuhlinzekeni ukunakekelwa okuthuthukile nokunozwelo ezigulini ezinomdlavuza webele.

Izithenjwa

¹ I-National Cancer Institute. (n.d.). Ukwelashwa Komdlavuza Webele (PDQ?)—Inguqulo Yochwepheshe Bezempilo. Kubuyiswe kusuka https://www.cancer.gov/types/breast/hp/breast-treatment-pdq