ukwelashwa kokuphelelwa umoya ezibhedlela zomdlavuza wamaphaphu

Ukwelashwa Kokuphefumula Ezibhedlela Zomdlavuza WamaphaphuLe ndatshana ihlinzeka ngolwazi olubanzi lokulawula ukuphefumula (dyspnea), uphawu oluvamile nolucindezelayo kumdlavuza wamaphaphu. Sihlola izindlela zokwelapha ezihlukahlukene ezitholakala ezibhedlela ezikhethekile zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, sigxile ezindleleni ezingokoqobo namasu asekelwe ebufakazini. Lokhu kubandakanya ukubhekana nezimbangela eziwumsuka zokuphelelwa umoya kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lempilo yeziguli.

Ukwelashwa Kokuphefumula Ezibhedlela Zomdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Ukuphefumula, noma i-dyspnea, kuwuphawu oluvamile futhi oluthena amandla abantu abaningi abatholakala benomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ubunzima bokuphelelwa umoya bungahluka kakhulu kuye ngesiteji kanye nohlobo lomdlavuza, kanye nokuba khona kwezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingaphansi. Ngenhlanhla, izindlela zokwelapha ezihlukahlukene ziyatholakala ukuze kudambiswe lesi sibonakaliso esicindezelayo futhi kuthuthukiswe izinga lempilo yeziguli. Ukukhetha okulungile ukwelashwa kokuphelelwa umoya ezibhedlela zomdlavuza wamaphaphu kubalulekile ekuphatheni ngempumelelo.

Ukuqonda Izimbangela Zokuphefumula Kumdlavuza Wamaphaphu

Ukuphelelwa umoya kumdlavuza wamaphaphu kungabangelwa izici eziningana. Isimila ngokwaso singase sivimbe imigudu yokuphefumula, sinciphise ukugeleza komoya emaphashini. Ukugcwala koketshezi emaphashini (i-pleural effusion) nakho kungacindezela amaphaphu, okuholela ekuphefumuleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umdlavuza wamaphaphu ungalimaza izicubu zamaphaphu, wehlise ikhono lawo lokushintshanisa kahle umoya-mpilo kanye nesikhutha. Ngaphezu kwemiphumela eqondile yomdlavuza, ukwelashwa okufana nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe nakho kungaba nomthelela ekuphelelweni umoya njengemiphumela engemihle.

Izinketho Zokwelashwa Zokuphefumula

Imithi

Imithi eminingana ingasiza ekulawuleni ukuphefumula. Ama-bronchodilator, njenge-albuterol, aphumuza imigudu yomoya futhi athuthukise ukugeleza komoya. Ama-opioid, njenge-morphine, anganciphisa ukuphefumula ngokuphazamisa umbono wobuchopho ngokucindezeleka kokuphefumula. Ama-diuretics asiza ukunciphisa ukugcwala koketshezi emaphashini, ehlise ingcindezi futhi athuthukise ukuphefumula. Ukukhethwa kwemithi kuncike kumbangela ewumsuka yokuphelelwa umoya kanye nezidingo zesiguli ngasinye. Kubalulekile ukubonisana nodokotela wakho noma i-oncologist ukuze uthole uhlobo lwemithi olufanele kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa Ngeoksijini

I-oxygen eyengeziwe ingathuthukisa kakhulu ukuphefumula futhi inciphise ukuphefumula. Ukwelashwa komoyampilo kuhilela ukuletha umoya-mpilo owengeziwe emaphashini, okusiza ekwehliseni ukuntula umoya-mpilo kanye nokwenza ngcono umsebenzi wokuphefumula jikelele. Lokhu kungafezwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, njenge-cannula yamakhala noma imaski ye-oxygen. Izinga le-oxygen supplementation linqunywa ngokusekelwe emazingeni okugcwala komoyampilo wesiguli kanye nesimo somtholampilo sisonke.

Ukusekela Kokuphefumula

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu zokuphefumula, ukusekelwa kokuphefumula kungase kudingeke. I-Non-invasive ventilation (NIV), efana ne-continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) noma i-bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP), ingasiza ukuthuthukisa ukuphefumula ngokugcina umfutho womoya kanye nokunciphisa umsebenzi wokuphefumula. Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ukuthi kungene umoya ngomshini ukuze kusekelwe ukuphefumula ngokuzenzela.

Ezinye Izindlela Zokwelapha

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, ezifana nokuvuselelwa kwamaphaphu, zingadlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni ukuphefumula. Ukuvuselelwa kwamaphaphu kuwuhlelo oluhlanganisa imikhakha eminingi ehlanganisa ukuqeqeshwa kokuzivocavoca, imfundo, nokusekelwa ngokwengqondo ukuze kuthuthukiswe umsebenzi wokuphefumula, amandla, kanye nezinga lempilo lilonke. Lolu hlelo lwenzelwe izidingo namakhono esiguli ngasinye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasu afana namasu okuphumula nokuzivocavoca kokuphefumula angasiza ekulawuleni ukukhathazeka futhi athuthukise ukunethezeka kokuphefumula.

Ukuthola Okulungile Ukwelashwa kokuphefumula ezibhedlela zomdlavuza wamaphaphu

Ukukhetha isibhedlela esifanele kubalulekile ukuze kulawulwe ngempumelelo umdlavuza wamaphaphu kanye nezimpawu ezihambisanayo njengokuphelelwa umoya. Cabangela ukufuna ukunakekelwa esibhedlela ngethimba elizinikele lokunakekela i-palliative, ochwepheshe be-oncologist abanolwazi ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kanye nezinsiza ezibanzi zokweseka ukuphefumula. Izibhedlela ezigxile ekwelapheni umdlavuza wamaphaphu zivame ukufinyelela kubuchwepheshe bamuva kanye nezinqubo zokwelapha zokulawula ukuphefumula ngempumelelo.

Ngokwesibonelo, the I-Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute inikeza ukunakekelwa okuphelele nokukhethekile ezigulini ezinomdlavuza wamaphaphu, okuhlanganisa nezinketho zokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe zokuphelelwa umoya. Ubuchwepheshe babo nokuzibophezela kwabo empilweni yesiguli kubenza babe insiza ebalulekile ezigulini ezizulazula kulesi simo esiyinselele. Hlala uthintana nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze uthole inkambo engcono kakhulu yokwenza izimo zakho ezithile.

Inothi elibalulekile:

Ulwazi olunikezwe kulesi sihloko ngokwezinjongo zolwazi oluvamile kuphela futhi akufanele luthathwe njengeseluleko sezokwelapha. Hlala uthintana nochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe ukuze uxilongwe futhi ulashwe noma yisiphi isimo sezempilo. Ukusebenza kwanoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kungase kuhluke kuye ngesiguli ngasinye kanye nezimo zaso ezithile.