kalafo e ncha ea liphekolo tse ncha tsa mofetše oa matšoafo oa lisele tse nyane

Kalafo ea Kankere e Ncha e sa Nyane ea Matšoafo ea Lisele

Tataiso ena e felletseng e hlahloba tsoelopele ea morao-rao ho kalafo e ncha ea liphekolo tse ncha tsa mofetše oa matšoafo oa lisele tse nyane. Re tla bua ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea kalafo, ho kenyeletsoa liphekolo tse lebisitsoeng, immunotherapy, le chemotherapy, ho fana ka leseli mabapi le katleho ea tsona, litlamorao, le ho nepahala ha lintlha tse fapaneng tsa bakuli. Ithute ka tikoloho e ntseng e fetoha ea kalafo ea NSCLC le kamoo bafuputsi ba tsoelang pele ho sebetsa ho fihlela likhetho tse sebetsang hantle le tse seng chefo.

Ho utloisisa Kankere e Seng e Nyenyane ea Matšoafo ea Lisele (NSCLC)

NSCLC ke eng?

Kankere e seng e nyane ea lisele tsa matšoafo (NSCLC) e etsa hoo e ka bang 85% ea mefuta eohle ea kankere ea matšoafo. Ke sehlopha sa li-cancer tse hlahang matšoafong 'me li khetholloa ka ponahalo e fapaneng ea lisele tlas'a microscope. Ho hlahlojoa kapele ke habohlokoa bakeng sa liphello tse ntlafetseng tsa phekolo. Boemo ba mofetše nakong ea tlhahlobo bo ama haholo liqeto tsa kalafo le prognoza. The Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute (https://www.baofahospital.com/) ke moetapele tšimong, ea fanang ka tlhokomelo e felletseng le lipatlisiso ho NSCLC.

Boemo le Tlhahlobo ea NSCLC

Mokhahlelo o nepahetseng ke oa bohlokoa ho fumana tsela e nepahetseng ea ho kalafo e ncha ea liphekolo tse ncha tsa mofetše oa matšoafo oa lisele tse nyane. Sena se akarelletsa liteko tse fapa-fapaneng, tse akarelletsang litšoantšo tsa litšoantšo (CT, PET), biopsy le liteko tsa mali. The TNM staging system e atisa ho sebelisoa ho arola NSCLC ho latela boholo ba hlahala (T), ho kenya letsoho ha lymph node (N), le metastasis (M). Ho lemoha kapele, hangata ka ho hlahlojoa khafetsa bakeng sa batho ba kotsing e kholo, ho ntlafatsa menyetla ea phekolo e atlehileng.

Khetho ea Kalafo bakeng sa NSCLC

Targeted Therapy

Litlhare tse reriloeng li shebana le limolek'hule tse itseng tse amehang kholong ea mofetše. Lithethefatsi tsena li ka sebetsa hantle 'me tsa ba le litla-morao tse fokolang ho feta chemotherapy ea setso ho bakuli ba bang. Mehlala e kenyelletsa EGFR inhibitors (joaloka gefitinib le erlotinib) le ALK inhibitors (joaloka crizotinib). Khetho ea phekolo e lebisitsoeng ho itšetlehile ka liphetoho tse itseng tsa lefutso tse teng liseleng tsa mofetše.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy e sebelisa matla a sesole sa 'mele ho loantša mofetše. Checkpoint inhibitors, joalo ka pembrolizumab le nivolumab, li thibela liprotheine tse thibelang sesole sa 'mele ho hlasela lisele tsa mofetše. Lithethefatsi tsena li bontšitse katleho e makatsang ho phekoleng NSCLC, haholo ho bakuli ba nang le li-biomarker tse itseng. Immunotherapy e ka ba le litla-morao tse fapaneng ho feta chemotherapy, e hlokang ho hlahlojoa ka hloko ke litsebi tsa bongaka.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy e sebelisa lithethefatsi ho bolaea lisele tsa mofetše. E ka sebelisoa e le mong kapa e kopane le liphekolo tse ling. Ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea chemotherapy, e etselitsoeng litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa mokuli le boemo ba mofets'e oa bona. Lithethefatsi tse sebelisoang hangata li kenyelletsa cisplatin, carboplatin, le paclitaxel. Chemotherapy e ka ba le litla-morao tse kholo, 'me ho laola litla-morao tsena ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea kalafo.

Phekolo ea Mahlaseli

Kalafo ea mahlaseli e sebelisa mahlaseli a matla a phahameng ho senya lisele tsa mofetše. E ka sebelisoa ho fokotsa lihlahala, ho kokobetsa matšoao, kapa ho thibela ho hlaha ha mofetše. Ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea kalafo ea radiation, ho kenyelletsa le radiation ea kantle le brachytherapy. Kalafo ya radiation le yona e ka ba le ditla-morago, go ithekgile ka lefelo leo le alafilwego le tekanyo ya tekanyo.

Liphekolo Tse Hlahang le Lipatlisiso

Liteko tsa Clinical

Ho nka karolo litekong tsa bongaka ho ka fana ka phihlello ea boiqapelo kalafo e ncha ea liphekolo tse ncha tsa mofetše oa matšoafo oa lisele tse nyane pele li fumaneha hohle. Liteko tsena li hlahlojoa ka hloko 'me li fa bakuli monyetla oa ho kenya letsoho tsoelo-peleng ea bongaka ha ba ntse ba fumana tlhokomelo ea morao-rao. Bafuputsi Setsing sa Lipatlisiso sa Kankere sa Shandong Baofa ba ikakhetse ka setotsoana litekong tse ngata tsa bongaka tse batlisisang liphekolo tse ncha tsa NSCLC.

Li-Biopsies tsa Metsi

Li-biopsies tsa metsi ke mokhoa o fokolang oa ho lemoha le ho beha leihlo mofetše. Li kenyelletsa ho sekaseka lisampole tsa mali bakeng sa ho potoloha tumor DNA (ctDNA), e ka fanang ka leseli la bohlokoa mabapi le sebopeho sa lefutso la mofetše le ho tataisa liqeto tsa kalafo. Theknoloji ena e ncha e lumella mekhoa ea phekolo ea motho ka mong, ho ntlafatsa merero ea phekolo ho latela litlhoko tsa mokuli ka mong.

Ho Khetha Phekolo e Nepahetseng

Molemo ka ho fetisisa kalafo e ncha ea liphekolo tse ncha tsa mofetše oa matšoafo oa lisele tse nyane katamelo e fapana ho itšetlehile ka lintlha tse 'maloa, ho akarelletsa le sethaleng sa kankere, bophelo bo botle ba mokuli ka kakaretso, le boteng ba liphetoho tse itseng tsa lefutso. Sehlopha se fapaneng sa litsebi tsa oncologists, lingaka tse buoang, le litsebi tse ling tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo hangata li kenya letsoho ho theha moralo oa kalafo oa motho ka mong. Puisano e bulehileng le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo ke ea bohlokoa ho netefatsa hore u utloisisa likhetho tsa hau le ho etsa liqeto tse nang le tsebo.

Boitlhotlhollo: Boitsebiso bona bo reretsoe merero ea thuto feela 'me ha boa lokela ho nkoa e le keletso ea bongaka. Kamehla buisana le setsebi se tšoanelehang sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bakeng sa tlhahlobo le kalafo ea boemo bofe kapa bofe ba bongaka.