UNyango loMhlaza weLung ngeSigaba 2026: ISikhokelo saseTshayina kunye neendleko-Izibhedlele ezikufuphi nam 

Unyango lomhlaza wamaphaphu ngenqanaba ngo-2026 lubhekisa kumgaqo omiselweyo, osekwe kubungqina obusetyenziswa e-China ukulawula umhlaza wemiphunga wokuqala ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani bawo bokusasazeka. Eyakutshanje 2026 Izikhokelo zoNyango lwaseTshayina kugxininise utshintsho olubhekiselele kunyango oluchanekileyo, ukudibanisa unyango olujoliswe kwimolekyuli kunye nonyango lwamajoni omzimba ecaleni kwechemotherapy yendabuko kunye nemitha. Kwisifo sokuqala, utyando luhlala lunyanga, ngelixa ulawulo lweSigaba IV ngoku lubeka phambili iprofayili yemfuza ukukhetha unyango oluchanekileyo lwenkqubo, ukwandisa kakhulu ukusinda kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi kwizigidi zezigulane.

Ukuqonda iStaging Cancer Staging ngo-2026

Iqonga elichanekileyo lisisiseko sempumelelo unyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba. Ngo-2026, ii-oncologists zaseTshayina zibambelela ngokungqongqo kuHlelo lwe-9 lwenkqubo yeqonga ye-TNM esekwe nguMbutho waMazwe ngaMazwe woPhando loMhlaza weLung (IASLC). Le nkqubo ihlula izicubu ezisekelwe kubukhulu (T), ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node (N), kunye ne-metastasis ekude (M). Ukuqonda ezi zigaba kubalulekile kuba izicwangciso zonyango zahluke kakhulu phakathi kokukhula kwendawo kunye nesifo esisasazekayo.

Imeko yomhlaza wemiphunga eTshayina ihleli ingumngeni. Idatha evela kwiZiko leSizwe loMhlaza libonisa ukuba umhlaza wemiphunga lelona thumba lixhaphakileyo eliyingozi, malunga ne-1.06 yezigidi zeemeko ezintsha kunye nokufa kwe-733,300 erekhodiweyo ngo-2022. Ngaphandle kolwazi olwandisiweyo loluntu malunga nokuhlolwa, inxalenye ebalulekileyo yezigulane zifunyanwe kwiSigaba IV. Ngenxa yoko, i 2026 izikhokelo beka ugxininiso olukhulu ekwandiseni iziphumo zesifo esiqhubela phambili ngelixa ubethelela iiprothokholi zokubona kwangoko.

Ukutshintshela kwi-Precision Medicine

Inkcazo yokhathalelo oluqhelekileyo luye lwavela. Ngelixa ichemotherapy yayisele ingumqolo wonyango, uhlaziyo luka-2026 luyayiqonda loo nto Unyango olujoliswe kwimolekyuli kwaye unyango lwe-immunotherapy ngoku ziintsika ezisembindini. Izigqibo zonyango azisasekelwanga kuphela kwi-histology (efana ne-adenocarcinoma vs. squamous cell carcinoma) kodwa ziqhutywa ziinguqu ezithile zofuzo. Olu tshintsho lweparadigm luqinisekisa ukuba izigulana zifumana awona machiza asebenzayo kwibhayoloji yethumba.

IiProthokholi zoNyango loMhlaza weMiphuphu kwasekuqaleni

Kwizigulana ezifunyanwe zinomhlaza wemiphunga weSigaba I kunye neSigaba II esingesiso esincinci (NSCLC), eyona njongo iphambili kukunyanga. Izikhokelo zaseTshayina zika-2026 ziqinisekisa kwakhona ukuba uqhaqho loqhaqho ngumgangatho wegolide kubaviwa abasebenzayo. Nangona kunjalo, indlela yotyando kunye nonyango lwe-adjuvant iye yaba yinto eninzi kakhulu yokwandisa ukusinda kwexesha elide.

Ungenelelo loTyando kunye nobuChwephesha obuNcinci

Utyando luhlala luyeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokususa amathumba akwinqanaba lokuqala. Kumaziko amakhulu ezonyango zaseTshayina, i-Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) kunye neRobot-Assisted Thoracic Surgery iye yaba yinto eqhelekileyo. Ezi ndlela zincinci zinciphisa ixesha lokubuyisela kunye neengxaki xa kuthelekiswa nethoracotomy yendabuko evulekile.

• Lobectomy: Ukususwa kwe-lobe yonke yomphunga yinkqubo eqhelekileyo kwiimeko ezininzi zeSigaba I no-II.
• Segmentectomy: Kumathumba amancinci okanye izigulana ezinomsebenzi wemiphunga elinganiselweyo, ukususa kuphela icandelo le-lobe kuya kwamkelwa ngakumbi.
• Ukuchithwa kwe-Lymph Node: Iisampulu ecwangcisiweyo okanye ukuchithwa kwe-lymph nodes ye-mediastinal kunyanzelekile kwisiteji esichanekileyo kunye nolawulo lwendawo.

Izicwangciso ze-Adjuvant Therapy

Unyango lwasemva kotyando, olwaziwa njengonyango lwe-adjuvant, lubalulekile ekupheliseni isifo esincinci kunye nokuthintela ukuvela kwakhona. Izikhokelo ze-2026 zibonelela ngeengcebiso ezihlaziyiweyo ezisekelwe kwizilingo zeklinikhi zakutsha nje.

Kwinqanaba IB ukuya kwi-IIA izigulane ezineenguqu ezithile zofuzo, ezifana ne-EGFR positivity, I-adjuvant yonyango ekujoliswe kuyo ngoku iyacetyiswa ngamandla. Oku kubonisa ukuqhubela phambili okukhulu kwiminyaka edlulileyo apho ichemotherapy yayiyeyona ndlela yodwa. Ngokufanayo, kwizigulana ezingenazo iinguqu zomqhubi kodwa zinenkcazo ephezulu ye-PD-L1, i-adjuvant immunotherapy inokusetyenziswa emva kwechemotherapy esekwe kwiplatinam.

Ulawulo oluPhezulu loMhlaza weMiphunga ekuhlaleni

Inqanaba lesithathu lomhlaza wemiphunga libonisa imeko yeklinikhi entsonkothileyo apho isifo siye sasasazeka kwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane kodwa hayi kumalungu akude. Eli nqanaba lidla ngokubizwa ngokuba “liphambili ekuhlaleni.” Indlela yonyango ifuna iqela lezinto ezininzi ezibandakanya oogqirha botyando, ii-oncologists zonyango, kunye nee-oncologists ngemitha.

Indima ye-Multimodal Therapy

Ilitye lembombo lonyango lweSigaba III unyango multimodal, edibanisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Ulandelelwano oluthile luxhomekeke ekubeni ithumba lithathwa ngokuba linokuphinda libuyele.

• Inqanaba le-III elinokuSetyenzwa kwakhona: Izigulana zinokufumana unyango lwe-neoadjuvant (ichemotherapy okanye i-chemo-immunotherapy) ukucutha ithumba phambi kotyando. Emva kokuhlinzwa, unyango olongezelelweyo lwe-adjuvant lulawulwa.
• Inqanaba lesithathu elingachaswanga: Kwizigulana ezingakwaziyo ukwenza utyando ngenxa yendawo yethumba okanye imeko yezempilo, i-chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) kumgangatho wokhathalelo.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Immunotherapy

Ukuphumelela ekulawuleni isifo seSigaba sesi-III esingenakulinganiswa kukusetyenziswa kokuhlanganiswa kwe-immunotherapy. Emva kokugqiba unyango lwe-chemoradiotherapy, izigulane ezingakhange ziqhubele phambili ziphathwa nge-immune checkpoint inhibitors. Izikhokelo zika-2026 zigxininisa esi sicwangciso njengongenelelo olubalulekileyo oluphucule kakhulu ukusinda okungenankqubela kunye namazinga okuphila ngokubanzi kubemi baseTshayina.

Inqanaba le-IV loMhlaza weMiphunga: Uguquko loNyango lweNkqubo

Inqanaba le-IV, okanye umhlaza wemiphunga we-metastatic, kwenzeka xa isifo sisasazeka kwiindawo ezikude ezifana nengqondo, amathambo, isibindi, okanye omnye umphunga. Ngokwembali, i-prognosis ye-Stage IV yayingalunganga, kunye namaxesha okuphila kwendalo ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-3 kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, i 2026 Izikhokelo zoNyango lwaseTshayina bonisa inguqu emandla kwiziphumo ngenxa yokuhambela phambili kweenkqubo zonyango.

Uvavanyo lweMolekyuli njengeMfuneko

Phambi kokuba uqalise naluphi na unyango lweSigaba IV NSCLC, uvavanyo olubanzi lweemolekyuli lunyanzelekile. Izikhokelo zigxininisa ukuba i-tissue biopsy okanye i-liquid biopsy (uvavanyo lwegazi) kufuneka lwenziwe ukuze kufunyanwe utshintsho olwenzekayo kumqhubi. Iithagethi eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAF, KRAS, MET, RET, kunye ne-NTRK.

Kutheni uvavanyo lubalulekile: Ukuchonga utshintsho oluthile luvumela oogqirha ukuba bachaze amayeza omlomo ekujoliswe kuwo asebenza kakhulu kwaye angenabungozi kune-chemotherapy yendabuko. Kwizigulane ezingenazo iinguqu ezisebenzayo, uvavanyo lwe-PD-L1 lukhokela ukusetyenziswa kwe-immunotherapy.

Iinketho zoNyango ekuJoliswe kuzo

Uhlaziyo lwe-2026 lubandakanya onke amachiza amatsha avunyiweyo yi-National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) yaseChina ukuya ekupheleni kwe-2025. Ezi ziquka isizukulwana sesithathu se-EGFR inhibitors kunye nesizukulwana esilandelayo se-ALK inhibitors esinegunya eliphezulu lokungena kumqobo wegazi-ingqondo.

• Utshintsho lwe-EGFR: Unyango lodidi lokuqala lubandakanya isizukulwana sesithathu i-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). La machiza abonise ukusebenza kakuhle ekulawuleni izifo ze-intrathoracic kunye ne-brain metastases.
• Uhlengahlengiso lwe-ALK: I-ALK inhibitors enamandla ngoku isemgangathweni, inika ulawulo lwezifo olude kunye namazinga aphezulu okuphendula.
• Olunye Ujoliso: Ii-inhibitors ezithile ziyafumaneka kwi-ROS1, i-BRAF V600E, i-MET exon 14 yokutsiba, kunye ne-RET fusion positives.

Ukudityaniswa kwe-Immunotherapy

Kwizigulane ezingenazo iinguqu zomqhubi, i-immunotherapy edityaniswe ne-chemotherapy ibe ngumgangatho omtsha. Izikhokelo zincoma iirejimeni ezahlukeneyo ezisekelwe kwi-histological subtype (i-squamous vs. non-squamous) kunye ne-PD-L1 amanqanaba okuchaza. Kwiimeko zokubonakaliswa kwe-PD-L1 ephezulu, i-immunotherapy monotherapy inokuthathelwa ingqalelo ukusindisa izigulana kwityhefu yechemotherapy.

UkuGqalisela okuKhethekileyo: Umhlaza wemiphunga uMetastases ebuchotsheni

I-Metastases yobuchopho yingxaki eqhelekileyo kunye nenzima kakhulu yomhlaza wemiphunga, echaphazela inxalenye enkulu yezigulana zeSigaba IV. NgoJanuwari 2026, i-China yakhulula abazinikeleyo "Izikhokelo zoNyango lwaseTshayina kwiMetastases yoMhlaza weLung Cancer (uHlelo luka-2026)". Olu xwebhu luqwalasela imingeni ethile yokunyanga umhlaza oye wanwenwela ebuchotsheni.

Imigangatho yokuxilonga

Izikhokelo ziyichaza ngokucacileyo loo nto IMagnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) yentloko yeyona ndlela ikhethwayo yokucinga yokuxilonga kunye nokubeka iliso kwiimetastases zobuchopho. I-CT scans ayanelanga ukufumana izilonda ezincinci. Ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI rhoqo kunconywa kwizigulane ezinomngcipheko ophezulu nangona kungabikho iimpawu ze-neurological.

Unyango lweHierarchy

Ulawulo lweemetastases zobuchopho lufuna indlela elungelelanisiweyo edibanisa unyango lwasekhaya kunye nolwenkqubo:

• Unyango Lwenkqubo: Isizukulwana esitsha ekujoliswe kuso amachiza anegazi eliphezulu lomqobo wokungena kwingqondo ehlala iyindlela yokuqala yokukhusela izigulane ezinokuguqulwa komqhubi. Banokucutha izilonda zobuchopho ngokufanelekileyo ngaphandle kwesidingo esikhawulezileyo semitha.
• IRadiosurgery: I-Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) ikhethwa kumanani ambalwa eemetastases. Ihambisa idosi ephezulu yemitha ngokuchanekileyo kwithumba ngelixa igcina izicubu zobuchopho ezisempilweni.
• UNyango lweRadiation yoBuchopho (WBRT): Igcinelwe izigulana ezininzi ezine-metastases okanye isifo se-leptomeningeal, nangona iinzame zenziwe ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zokuqonda.
• I-Neurosurgery: Uqhaqho lotyando luthathwa ngokuba lukhulu, izilonda zeempawu ezibangela umphumo omkhulu okanye ngeenjongo zokuxilonga xa i-tumor yokuqala ingaziwa.

IiProtokholi zoMhlaza weMiphunga yeSeli encinci (SCLC).

Ngelixa i-Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) ibalelwa malunga ne-85% yamatyala, i-Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) luhlobo oluthile olucacileyo kunye nobudlova. Izikhokelo ze-2026 zigcina indlela eyahlukileyo ye-SCLC ngenxa yokukhula kwayo ngokukhawuleza kunye ne-metastasis yokuqala.

Inqanaba elilinganiselweyo vs. Inqanaba elibanzi

I-SCLC yahlulahlulwe ngokubanzi kwiSigaba esilinganiselweyo (esivalelwe kwi-hemithorax enye) kunye neSigaba esiBanzi (sasasazeka ngaphaya).

• Inqanaba elilinganiselweyo: Umgangatho wokhathalelo yi-chemoradiotherapy. I-Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) inokuqwalaselwa kubaphenduli ukukhusela i-brain metastases.
• Inqanaba elibanzi: Unyango lubandakanya inkqubo yechemotherapy edityaniswe ne-immunotherapy. Ukongezwa kwe-immune checkpoint inhibitors kwi-platinum-etoposide chemotherapy ibe ngumgangatho wehlabathi kunye nowaseTshayina, ukuphucula ukusinda ngokubanzi.

Iindleko zoNyango loMhlaza weLung eTshayina

Ukuqonda umba wemali kubalulekile kwizigulane ezifunayo unyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba eTshayina. Iindleko zohluka kakhulu ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba, indlela yonyango, umgangatho wesibhedlele, kunye ne-inshurensi. Inkqubo yezempilo yesizwe yaseTshayina yenze inkqubela phambili enkulu ekunciphiseni umthwalo wezigulana ngoLuhlu lwembuyekezo yeziyobisi yeSizwe (NRDL).

Ukwahlulwa kweendleko zonyango

Amaxabiso aphantsi e-China xa kuthelekiswa namazwe aseNtshona, ngakumbi amayeza aqalayo aqukiwe kwi-inshorensi yesizwe.

• Utyando: I-lobectomy encinci ye-invasive ngokuqhelekileyo isuka kwi-40,000 ukuya kwi-80,000 RMB (i-$ 5,500 - i-$ 11,000 USD), kuxhomekeke kubunzima kunye nezinga lesibhedlele. I-inshurensi igubungela inxalenye ebalulekileyo.
• Unyango ngamachiza: Iirejimeni zechemotherapy zesiNtu zifikeleleka kakhulu, zihlala zixabisa amawaka ambalwa e-RMB kumjikelo ngamnye emva kwembuyekezo.
• Unyango olujolisiweyo: Phambi kokuba afakwe kwi-NRDL, la machiza ayebiza kakhulu. Ngoku, i-TKIs ezininzi eziphambili zigutyungelwe, ukunciphisa iindleko zenyanga eziphuma kwi-pocket ukuya phakathi kwe-2,000 kunye ne-5,000 RMB ($ 280 - $ 700 USD) kwizigulane ezininzi.
• I-Immunotherapy: I-Domestic PD-1 inhibitors ayibiza kakhulu, kunye nemijikelo ethile ixabisa ngaphantsi kwe-3,000 RMB ($ 420 USD) emva kwe-inshurensi. Amachiza asuka kumazwe angaphandle anokuba phezulu kancinane kodwa afikeleleka ngakumbi.
• Unyango ngemitha: Iikhosi ze-IMRT okanye ze-SBRT ngokubanzi zivela kwi-20,000 ukuya kwi-50,000 RMB (i-$ 2,800 - i-$ 7,000 USD).

I-inshurensi kunye nokuFumaneka

Inkqubo ye-Inshurensi yezoNyango eSisiseko e-China iquka uluhlu oluninzi lwamachiza okulwa nomhlaza. Izikhokelo zika-2026 ziqwalasela ngokukodwa ukufumaneka kweziyobisi kunye nesimo sokubuyisela xa usenza iingcebiso. Izigulana zicetyiswa ukuba ziqhagamshelane noonontlalontle basesibhedlele okanye iingcali ze-inshorensi ukuze zandise izibonelelo zabo. Ukongeza, i-inshurensi eyongezelelweyo yorhwebo kunye neenkqubo zoncedo lwesisa ziqhubela phambili ukunciphisa ubuthi bemali kwiintsapho.

Ukufumana izibhedlele kunye neeNgcali ezikufutshane nawe

Ukufikelela kukhathalelo olukumgangatho ophezulu kubalulekile kwiziphumo ezizezona zilungileyo. I-China inamaziko aliqela omhlaza akumgangatho wehlabathi akhokelela kuphando kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezonyango kwizikhokelo zika-2026. Xa ukhangela izibhedlele ezikufutshane nam, izigulane kufuneka zikhangele amaziko anamasebe akhethekileyo e-thoracic oncology.

Amaziko aphezulu e-Oncology

Izibhedlele ezithile eTshayina zamkelwa kuzwelonke ngobungcali bazo kulawulo lomhlaza wemiphunga:

• Isibhedlele soMhlaza, iZiko lezoNyango laseTshayina (iBeijing): Inkokeli kuqulunqo lwezikhokelo zesizwe kunye nolawulo lwamatyala anzima.
• IYunivesithi yaseFudan iziko lomhlaza laseShanghai: Idume ngendlela yayo edibeneyo kunye nobuchule obuphambili botyando.
• Isibhedlele sasePeking Union Medical College: Ibonelela ngamaqela abanzi abandakanya i-neurosurgery yeemetastases zobuchopho.
• Isibhedlele sase-West China (iYunivesithi yaseSichuan): I-hub enkulu yentshona ye-China, ebonelela ngemitha ebukhali kunye ne-oncology yonyango.

Indlela yokukhetha iZiko eliLungileyo

Xa ukhetha isibhedlele, qwalasela le miba ilandelayo:

• Iqela lezinto ezininzi (MDT): Qinisekisa ukuba isibhedlele sibamba iintlanganiso rhoqo ze-MDT apho oogqirha botyando, ii-oncologists, kunye neengcali ngemitha yemitha zisebenzisana ngetyala lakho.
• I-Pathology kunye neSakhono seGenetics: Isibonelelo kufuneka sibe neelebhu eziphuculweyo zovavanyo olukhawulezayo noluchanekileyo lwemolekyuli.
• Ufikelelo kulingo lwezonyango: Izibhedlele eziphezulu zihlala zibonelela ngokufikelela kulingo lwamva nje lwezonyango kwizigulana eziye zagqiba iindlela ezisemgangathweni.
• Iinkonzo zeNkxaso: Khangela izibhedlele ezibonelela ngenkxaso yesondlo, ulawulo lweentlungu, kunye nokucetyiswa ngokwasengqondweni.

Uhlalutyo lokuthelekisa kwiiNdlela zoNyango

Ukuqonda ngcono iinketho ezikhoyo phantsi kwezikhokelo ze-2026, le tafile ilandelayo ithelekisa iindlela eziphambili zonyango ezisetyenziswa eChina namhlanje.

Inyathelo ngenyathelo lohambo lwesigulana ngo-2026

Ukuhamba ngenkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo kunokuba nzima. Apha ngezantsi kukho indlela elungelelanisiweyo yesigulana ekurhanelwa ukuba sinomhlaza wemiphunga eTshayina, ehambelana nezikhokelo zamva nje.

• Inyathelo 1: Uvavanyo kunye noxilongo: Abantu abasemngciphekweni ophezulu (abaneminyaka eyi-50+, abatshayayo) bafumana i-Low-Dose Spiral CT (LDCT). Ukuba iqhuqhuva lifunyenwe, kusenziwa umfanekiso oqhubekayo kunye ne-biopsy.
• Inyathelo lesi-2: Ukusebenzelana kweqonga: Emva kokuba umhlaza uqinisekisiwe, i-PET-CT, i-MRI yobuchopho, kunye nezikena zethambo ziyenziwa ukumisela inqanaba le-TNM.
• INyathelo 3: Ingxelo yeMolekyuli: Izicubu okanye iisampulu zegazi zithunyelwa kuvavanyo lwemfuza ukuchonga utshintsho olufana ne-EGFR okanye i-ALK.
• INyathelo 4: Ingxoxo yeZifundo ezininzi: Iqela le-MDT liphonononga yonke idatha ukwenza isicwangciso sonyango lomntu siqu ngokusekelwe kwizikhokelo ze-2026.
• Inyathelo lesi-5: Ukuqaliswa koNyango: Unyango luqala (utyando, iziyobisi, okanye ngemitha). Ukubeka iliso olusondeleyo kwimiphumo emibi kuphunyezwa ngokukhawuleza.
• Inyathelo lesi-6: Ulandelelwano kunye nokuBekwa kweliso: Umfanekiso oqhelekileyo kunye novavanyo lwegazi lokujonga impendulo. Unyango luyahlengahlengiswa ukuba ukuqhubela phambili okanye ukuxhathisa kwenzeka.

Izinto eziluncedo kunye nemingeni yeeProtocol zangoku

Ukuphunyezwa kwezikhokelo ze-2026 kuzisa iinzuzo ezibalulekileyo kodwa kuzisa imingeni ethile apho izigulane kunye nababoneleli kufuneka bahambe.

Amandla eNdlela ka-2026

• Ukwenza okuthandwa nguwe: Unyango lulungelelaniswe nokwakheka kofuzo lomntu, ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
• Ukusinda okuPhuculweyo: Udibaniso lwamachiza amatsha lubonakalise ngokubonakalayo ubude bobomi bezigulane zeSigaba IV.
• Umgangatho woBomi: Unyango ekujoliswe kulo kunye ne-immunotherapies ngokubanzi zineziphumo ezibi ezimbalwa kune-chemotherapy yendabuko.
• Ukubekwa emgangathweni: Izikhokelo zelizwe ezidibeneyo ziqinisekisa ukuba izigulane kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo zifumana ukunakekelwa okuhambelanayo, okusemgangathweni ophezulu.

Iindawo zoPhuculo

• Amaxabiso okufunyanwa kwangethuba: Ngaphandle kwezikhokelo, izigulane ezininzi zisekhona ngesifo sesigaba sasemva kwexesha ngenxa yokuthatha inxaxheba kovavanyo oluphantsi.
• Ukumelana neziyobisi: Amathumba ekugqibeleni aphuhlisa ukuxhathisa kunyango olujoliswe kuyo, nto leyo efuna amaqhinga anzima odidi lwesibini.
• Umahluko weNgingqi: Ukufikelela kuvavanyo oluphambili lwemfuzo kunye namachiza anoveli kunokwahluka phakathi kwezixeko ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye neendawo zasemaphandleni.
• Ulawulo lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga: Ngelixa ziphuculwe, iziganeko ezibi ezinxulumene nokuzikhusela komzimba zifuna ubuchule obukhethekileyo bolawulo.

Ukubaluleka Kokuhlolwa Kwangethuba

Izikhokelo zika-2026 zigxininisa kakhulu ukuthintela kunye nokufunyanwa kwangoko. IKomishoni yezeMpilo yeSizwe ikhuphe izikimu ezithile zokuhlola umhlaza wemiphunga, ezijolise kubantu abasengozini enkulu. Ukufunyaniswa kwangethuba kuseyeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuphucula izinga lokusinda leminyaka emi-5.

Ngubani ofanele ahlolwe?

Uvavanyo luyacetyiswa kubantu abaneminyaka engama-50 ukuya kwengama-74 abahlangabezana ubuncinane nenye yezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Imbali yokutshaya ye-≥20 ipakethe-iminyaka (kubandakanywa nabo babekade betshaya abaye bayeka ngaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-15 eyadlulayo).
• Ukuxhatshazwa kwexesha elide kumsi wecuba (ukuphila okanye ukusebenza nabatshayayo ≥20 iminyaka).
• Imbali yeSifo esiNgapheliyo sePulmonary (COPD).
• Ukuboniswa emsebenzini kwii-carcinogens ezifana ne-asbestos, i-radon, okanye isinyithi esinzima.
• Imbali yosapho yomhlaza wemiphunga kwizizalwane zenqanaba lokuqala.

Indlela yokuHlola eCetyisiweyo

Idosi ephantsi Spiral CT (LDCT) kuphela kwendlela yokuhlola ecetyiswayo. IiX-reyi zesifuba zityhafile ngokucacileyo njengoko ziphosa amaqhuqhuva asekuqaleni. Izikhokelo zicacisa ukuba i-LDCT kufuneka yenziwe kusetyenziswa izikena ezinemiqolo ye-16 ubuncinane, etolikwa ngoogqirha abanamava.

Izikhokelo zexesha elizayo kunye noNyango olusakhulayo

Njengoko siqhubela phambili ngo-2026, intsimi yonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga iyaqhubeka nokuvela ngokukhawuleza. Uphando lugxile ekoyiseni ukunganyangeki kumachiza, ukudibanisa amayeza eempembelelo ze-synergistic, kunye nokuphuhlisa izitofu zokugonya.

I-Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) zivela njengodidi olutsha olunamandla lwamachiza, lubonisa isithembiso kwizigulane ezingaphumelelanga kunyango ekujoliswe kulo. Ngaphaya koko, ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa buye badityaniswa ngakumbi kwiradiology ukubona amaqhuqhuva kwangethuba kwaye baqikelele iimpendulo zonyango ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi.

Ukuzibophelela kwemibutho yezonyango yaseTshayina ekuhlaziyweni rhoqo izikhokelo kuqinisekisa ukuba izigulana ziyaxhamla kwimpumelelo yamva nje yesayensi ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Intsebenziswano phakathi kweenkampani zasekhaya ezixuba amayeza kunye namaqumrhu ophando ehlabathi ikhawulezisa ukufumaneka konyango oluyilayo ngaphakathi eTshayina.

Ukuqukumbela

Imbonakalo yomhlaba ye unyango umhlaza wemiphunga ngesigaba ngo-2026 ichazwa ngokuchaneka, ukwenziwa komntu, kunye nethemba. Ukukhutshwa kwe 2026 Izikhokelo zoNyango lwaseTshayina iphawula isiganeko esibalulekileyo, esidibanisa iminyaka yophando kwiindlela zeklinikhi ezinokusebenza. Ukusuka kwikhono lokunyanga lotyando kumanqanaba okuqala ukuya kubuchule bokwandisa ubomi bonyango ekujoliswe kulo kunye nonyango lwe-immunotherapy kwiSigaba IV, izigulana namhlanje zinokhetho oluninzi kunanini na ngaphambili.

Ngelixa imiceli mngeni efana namazinga okubona kwangethuba kunye nokunganyangeki kweziyobisi kuqhubeka, indlela ecwangcisiweyo ekhuthazwa ziingcali ze-oncologists zaseTshayina zibonelela ngesakhelo esomeleleyo sokhathalelo. Ngokusebenzisa uxilongo oluphucukileyo, ukubambelela kwimigaqo esemgangathweni, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwenkxaso egcweleyo yenkqubo yezempilo yesizwe, uqikelelo lwabaguli abanomhlaza wemiphunga eTshayina luyaqhubeka nokuphucuka. Kuye nabani na ochatshazelwe sesi sifo, ukuqonda ezi zigaba kunye nonyango olukhoyo linyathelo lokuqala lokuhamba uhambo ngokuzithemba kunye nokufikelela olona khathalelo lunokwenzeka.