unyango lungcono unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga ehlabathini

UNyango oluGqwesileyo loMhlaza weMiphunga kwihlabathi: IsiKhokelo esiBanzi

Eli nqaku linika umbono obanzi wolona nyango lukhoyo lomhlaza wemiphunga kwihlabathi liphela, ligxile kwiindlela ezisekwe kubungqina kunye nenkqubela phambili yamva nje kwi-oncology. Siphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, ukusebenza kwazo, kunye neengqwalasela zokukhetha eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokwenza ngokusekwe kwiimfuno zesigulana ngasinye. Funda malunga nezigaba ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza wemiphunga, iindlela zonyango, kunye nezinto ezinefuthe ekukhetheni unyango.

Ukuqonda uMhlaza weLung

Iintlobo zomhlaza wemiphunga

Umhlaza wemiphunga wahlulahlulwe ngokubanzi ngokweendidi ezimbini eziphambili: umhlaza wemiphunga omncinci weseli (SCLC) kunye nomhlaza wemiphunga weseli ongewona mncinci (NSCLC). I-NSCLC yenza uninzi lwezehlo zomhlaza wemiphunga. Uhlobo oluthile lomhlaza wemiphunga luchaphazela kakhulu izicwangciso zonyango. Ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo nge-biopsy kunye nokucinga kubalulekile ekumiseleni eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza eyona yonyango yomhlaza wemiphunga kwihlabathi.

Umhlaza wemiphunga

Iqonga limisela ubungakanani bokusasazeka komhlaza. Umhlaza wemiphunga uhlelwa kusetyenziswa inkqubo eqwalasela ubukhulu bethumba, ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node, kunye ne-metastasis (ukusasazeka kumalungu akude). Ukubekwa kweqonga kubalulekile kucwangciso lonyango kunye ne-prognosis. Unyango lwenqanaba lokuqala lomhlaza wemiphunga lwahluke kakhulu kwelo lenqanaba IV. Ukuqonda iqonga kubaluleke kakhulu xa uphanda eyona yonyango yomhlaza wemiphunga kwihlabathi.

IiKhetho zoNyango loMhlaza weMiphunga

Utyando

Ukususwa ngotyando kwezicubu zemiphunga ezinomhlaza kudla ngokuba lukhetho lokuqala kumhlaza wemiphunga okwinqanaba lokuqala. Oku kunokubandakanya i-lobectomy (ukususwa kwe-lobe), i-pneumonectomy (ukususwa komphunga wonke), okanye i-segmentectomy (ukususwa kwecandelo lomphunga). Ubuchwephesha obuncinci bokwenza utyando, njengotyando lwethoracic oluncediswa yividiyo (i-VATS), luya luxhaphaka ngakumbi, lubonelela ngeenzuzo ezinokubakho ezifana nokunciphisa ixesha lokubuyisela. Ukufaneleka kotyando kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba, indawo, kunye nempilo yonke yesigulane. I eyona yonyango yomhlaza wemiphunga kwihlabathi kunokubandakanya ungenelelo lotyando.

Unyango ngamachiza

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa amayeza ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa phambi kotyando (neoadjuvant) ukucutha amathumba, emva kotyando (adjuvant) ukuphelisa iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo, okanye njengonyango oluphambili lomhlaza wemiphunga ophezulu. Iirejimeni ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zechemotherapy zikhona, ezilungiselelwe uhlobo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziqhelekile kwaye ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kumachiza asetyenziswayo. I-Chemotherapy idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zoku eyona yonyango yomhlaza wemiphunga kwihlabathi.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha isebenzisa imiqadi enamandla kakhulu ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa yodwa okanye idityaniswe nolunye unyango. Unyango lwemitha yemitha yangaphandle lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo, apho kunikezelwa ngemitha kumatshini ongaphandle komzimba. Unyango lwemitha ekujoliswe kulo, njengonyango lwemitha yemitha ye-stereotactic (i-SBRT), luhambisa iidosi ezigxile kakhulu kwimitha yemitha kwithumba, linciphisa umonakalo kwizihlunu ezisempilweni ezingqongileyo. Kwiimeko ezithile, unyango lweradiation lunokuba sisiseko sonyango eyona yonyango yomhlaza wemiphunga kwihlabathi.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango olujoliswe kuyo lujolise kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni kweeseli zomhlaza. Olu nyango luhlala lusebenza ngakumbi kunechemotherapy kwaye luneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa. Ukhetho lonyango olujoliswe kuyo luxhomekeke kwiimpawu zofuzo ze-tumor, ezihlala zichongwa ngovavanyo lwe-molecular. Ukuvela kweendlela zonyango ezijoliswe kuzo kuye kwaguqula ukukhangela eyona yonyango yomhlaza wemiphunga kwihlabathi.

Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy idibanisa amajoni omzimba ukulwa nomhlaza. Isebenza ngokonyusa amandla amajoni omzimba okuqaphela kunye nokuhlasela iiseli zomhlaza. I-Checkpoint inhibitors luhlobo lwe-immunotherapy oluthintela iiprotheni ezithintela amajoni omzimba ekuhlaseleni iiseli zomhlaza. Le ndlela yonyango ibonise impumelelo ephawulekayo kwezinye iicancer zemiphunga kwaye iyinxalenye enkulu yokuqonda okuvelayo. eyona yonyango yomhlaza wemiphunga kwihlabathi.

Ukukhetha Unyango Olululo

Ukukhethwa kwesicwangciso sonyango esilungileyo somhlaza wemiphunga sinomntu ngamnye kwaye sixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi ezibandakanya:

• Uhlobo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza wemiphunga
• Impilo jikelele yesigulana kunye nokomelela
• Ubukho bezinye iimeko zonyango
• Ukhetho lomntu
• Ukufumaneka konyango oluthile

Iqela leengcali ezininzi, kubandakanywa ii-oncologists, oogqirha botyando, i-radiation oncologists, kunye nezinye iingcali zempilo, zisebenza ngokubambisana ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sonyango esilungiselelweyo. Ukufuna uluvo lwesibini kunokuba luncedo ekuqinisekiseni indlela ebanzi yokhathalelo lwakho lomhlaza.

Unyango olukwinqanaba eliphezulu kunye nolwasakhulayo

Uphando oluqhubekayo luqhubela phambili rhoqo kwintsimi yonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga. Unyango olutsha ekujoliswe kulo, i-immunotherapies, kunye nendibaniselwano zonyango ziqhubeka ziphuhliswa kwaye zivavanywa. Ulingo lwezonyango lunika ufikelelo kunyango oluphambili phambi kokuba lufumaneke ngokubanzi. Ukuhlala unolwazi malunga nenkqubela phambili yamva nje kubalulekile kwizigulana kunye neentsapho zabo ekusukeleni kwabo eyona yonyango yomhlaza wemiphunga kwihlabathi.

Apho Unokufumana khona Ulwazi Oluthembekileyo

Ukufumana ulwazi oluhlaziyiweyo kunye noluchanekileyo malunga nonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga, jongana nemithombo ehloniphekileyo efana neNational Cancer Institute (https://www.cancer.gov/), uMbutho weCancer waseMelika (https://www.cancer.org/), kunye nomboneleli wakho wezempilo. Khumbula ukuba ulwazi lwezonyango olufunyenwe kwi-intanethi kufuneka luvavanywe ngokunzulu kwaye luqinisekiswe ngabasebenzi.

Ngelixa esi sikhokelo sijolise ekunikezeni ulwazi olubanzi, asithathi indawo yeengcebiso zonyango zobungcali. Soloko udibana nogqirha wakho malunga nesikhokelo somntu eyona yonyango yomhlaza wemiphunga kwihlabathi kunye nemeko yakho ethile.

Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe kunye nenkxaso, ungacinga ngokuqhagamshelana IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa kunyango oluphezulu kunye nokhathalelo.