unyango ukhetho umhlaza wemiphunga unyango ngesigaba kufutshane nam

IiNdlela eziKhethekileyo zoNyango lomhlaza wemiphunga ngokweSigaba: IsiKhokelo esiBanzi Ukhetho lonyango lomhlaza wamalung luyohluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza. Esi sikhokelo sinika amagqabantshintshi amayeza ahlukeneyo akhoyo, ukusebenza kwawo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo, kunye nezinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa kusenziwa izigqibo zonyango. Khumbula, olu lwazi lulwazi ngokubanzi kwaye akufanele luthathe indawo yokubonisana ne-oncologist eqeqeshiwe. Ngalo lonke ixesha ufune iingcebiso zobugqirha kwimeko yakho ethile.

Ukuqonda amanqanaba oMhlaza wemiphunga

Inqanaba lomhlaza wemiphunga libalulekile ekumiseleni eyona khosi ilungileyo unyango ukhetho umhlaza wemiphunga unyango ngesigaba kufutshane nam. Inkqubo yeqonga isebenzisa amanani aseRoma (I-IV) ukuhlela ubungakanani bomhlaza, kwaye mna ndingoyena uphambili kwaye IV ngoyena uphambili. Inqanaba lichongwa ngeemvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya i-imaging scans (CT, PET), i-biopsy, kunye ne-bronchoscopy enokubakho. Ukwazi inqanaba kunceda iqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo ukuba licebise isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo nesisebenzayo.

Inqanaba I Umhlaza wemiphunga

Inqanaba lomhlaza wemiphunga lihlala kwindawo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba awunwenwanga ngaphaya kwemiphunga. Iinketho zonyango zibandakanya utyando (lobectomy, segmentectomy, wedge resection), oluhlala lulandelwa lunyango lwe-adjuvant (ichemotherapy okanye unyango lweradiation) ukuphelisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezisaseleyo.

Inqanaba II Umhlaza wemiphunga

Inqanaba II libonisa ukuba umhlaza ukhule waba mkhulu okanye unwenwele kwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane. Unyango ludla ngokubandakanya utyando, oluhlala ludityaniswa ne-adjuvant chemotherapy okanye unyango lweradiation, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu ezithile zethumba kunye nempilo yesigulana iyonke.

Inqanaba III Umhlaza wemiphunga

Kwinqanaba lesithathu, umhlaza usasazeke kwii-lymph nodes okanye izakhiwo ezikufutshane. Iinketho zonyango zintsonkothile kakhulu kwaye zinokubandakanya indibaniselwano yechemotherapy, unyango lweradiation (kuquka unyango lweradiation stereotactic body – SBRT), kunye notyando olunokubakho ukuba umhlaza uthathwa njengonokubuyiselwa emva konyango lwe-neoadjuvant (phambi kotyando).

Inqanaba IV Umhlaza wemiphunga

Inqanaba IV, elikwabizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza wemiphunga we-metastatic, libonisa ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba. Unyango lujolise ekulawuleni isifo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi, ngokufuthi kusetyenziswa unyango olujoliswe kuyo, i-immunotherapy, ichemotherapy, kunye nokhathalelo oluxhasayo.

IiKhetho zoNyango loMhlaza weMiphunga

Iindlela ezininzi zonyango zisetyenziselwa ukulwa nomhlaza wemiphunga, ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba kunye nemeko yomguli ngamnye. Ezi ziquka:

Utyando

Utyando lujolise ekususeni ithumba elinomhlaza kunye nee-lymph nodes ezikufutshane. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zotyando, ukusukela kwiindlela ezihlasela kancinci ukuya kuqhaqho olubanzi. Ukufaneleka kotyando kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza, impilo yomguli, nendawo nobukhulu bethumba elo.

Unyango ngamachiza

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa amayeza ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza kuwo wonke umzimba. Ingasetyenziswa phambi kotyando (neoadjuvant), emva kotyando (i-adjuvant), okanye njengonyango lokuqala lomhlaza wemiphunga okwinqanaba eliphezulu. Iziyobisi eziqhelekileyo ze-chemotherapy ziquka i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin, kunye ne-paclitaxel.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango lwemitha lusebenzisa imitha yamandla aphezulu ukujolisa kunye nokutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa yodwa okanye idityaniswe nolunye unyango, olufana nechemotherapy okanye utyando. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchule bokusasazeka, kubandakanywa unyango lwemitha yangaphandle (EBRT) kunye nebrachytherapy.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lusebenzisa amachiza ajolise ngokukodwa kwiiseli zomhlaza, ukunciphisa umonakalo kwiiseli eziphilileyo. La machiza asebenza ngokuphazamisa iimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni komhlaza kunye nokusasazeka. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-EGFR inhibitors (gefitinib, erlotinib) kunye ne-ALK inhibitors (crizotinib, alectinib).

Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy idibanisa amajoni omzimba ukulwa neeseli zomhlaza. Isebenza ngokunyusa amandla amajoni omzimba okuqaphela kunye nokutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza okanye ngokuthintela imiqondiso ethintela amajoni omzimba ekuhlaseleni iiseli zomhlaza. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-checkpoint inhibitors (pembrolizumab, nivolumab).

Ukufumana Unyango Iinketho zoNyango lweMiphuphu ngeSigaba kufutshane nam

Ukufumana inyameko efanelekileyo kufutshane nawe kufuna uqwalaselo olucokisekileyo. Qala ngokubonisana nogqirha wakho wokhathalelo oluphambili, onokukuthumela kwi-oncologist egxile kumhlaza wemiphunga. Unokusebenzisa izixhobo ze-intanethi ukufumana i-oncologists kwindawo yakho. Qinisekisa ukuba uqinisekisa iziqinisekiso kunye namava akhe nawuphi na umboneleli wezempilo ngaphambi kokuba wenze idinga. Qwalasela izinto ezifana nezixhobo zesi sibhedlele, indlela esidume ngayo kunye nobuchule bengcali ye- oncologist ekunyangeni amanqanaba ahlukeneyo omhlaza wemiphunga. Iziko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa https://www.baofahospital.com/ ibonelela ngokhathalelo olubanzi lomhlaza wemiphunga, kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe besimanje kunye neengcali ezinamava.

Iingqwalasela ezibalulekileyo

Khumbula ukuba imeko yomntu ngamnye yahlukile. Izigqibo zonyango kufuneka zenziwe ngentsebenziswano esondeleyo neqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo izinto ezifana nenqanaba lomhlaza, uhlobo lomhlaza wemiphunga (umhlaza wemiphunga weseli engeyiyo encinci okanye umhlaza wemiphunga weseli encinci), impilo yesigulana iyonke, kunye nezinto azikhethayo.

Ukuzihlangula

Olu lwazi lujoliswe kwiinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye aluquki iingcebiso zonyango. Kubalulekile ukubonisana nengcali yezempilo eqeqeshiweyo ukuze uxilongwe kunye nonyango lwazo naziphi na iimeko zonyango. Ulwazi olunikwe apha aluthathi indawo yeengcebiso zonyango, ukuxilongwa, okanye unyango. Ngalo lonke ixesha ufune iingcebiso kugqirha wakho okanye omnye umboneleli wezempilo oqeqeshiweyo ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo malunga nemeko yonyango. Ungaze utyeshele iingcebiso zobugqirha okanye ulibazise ukulifuna ngenxa yento oyifundileyo kule webhusayithi.