unyango nontshayi unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga Izibhedlele

Unyango loMhlaza wemiphunga ongatshayiyo: Izibhedlele kunye noKhetho

Eli nqaku libonelela ngolwazi olubanzi unyango non-umtshayi unyango umhlaza wemiphunga Izibhedlele, ukuhlola iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, iindlela zokukhetha izibhedlele, kunye nezibonelelo zezigulane kunye neentsapho zabo. Sihlola ubunzima bokuxilongwa kunye nonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga, sigxininisa ukubaluleka kokufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nezicwangciso zokhathalelo lomntu.

Ukuqonda Umhlaza Wemiphunga ongatshayiyo

Ukuxhaphaka kunye nezinto zoMngcipheko

Umhlaza wemiphunga ayisosifo sentshayi kuphela. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yoxilongo lomhlaza wemiphunga lwenzeka kubantu abangazange batshaye. Ngelixa ukutshaya kuhlala kungunobangela ophambili, ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zinegalelo elikhulu, kubandakanya ukuvezwa kwiradon, iasbestos, ungcoliseko lomoya, kunye nembali yentsapho. Ukufunyaniswa kwangethuba kubalulekile ekuphuculeni iziphumo zonyango, nokuba ithini na imbali yokutshaya. Ukuqonda iimeko ezithile zomngcipheko ezinxulumene nemeko yakho linyathelo lokuqala elibalulekileyo.

Iintlobo zomhlaza wemiphunga

Umhlaza wemiphunga ubandakanya iindidi ezahlukeneyo, nganye ineempawu ezizodwa kunye neendlela zonyango. Ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo ngumhlaza wemiphunga weseli ongengomncinci (NSCLC) kunye nomhlaza wemiphunga weseli encinci (SCLC). Uhlobo oluthile lomhlaza wemiphunga olufunyenweyo luya kuba nefuthe kwisicwangciso sonyango esicetyiswayo. Uvavanyo oluneenkcukacha lokuxilonga lubalulekile ukumisela uhlobo oluchanekileyo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza.

IiKhetho zoNyango loMhlaza weMiphunga ongatshayiyo

Utyando

Ukususwa ngotyando lwethumba elinomhlaza lolona khetho lonyango lwezigulana ezininzi ezinomhlaza wemiphunga, kuquka nabangatshayiyo. Ubungakanani botyando buxhomekeke kubungakanani, indawo, kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza. Ubuchwephesha botyando obungenelelayo buhlala busetyenziswa ukunciphisa ixesha lokubuyisela kunye neengxaki.

Unyango ngamachiza

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa amayeza ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Isenokusetyenziswa phambi kotyando (i-neoadjuvant chemotherapy) ukuthoba ithumba, emva kotyando (i-adjuvant chemotherapy) ukuphelisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo, okanye njengonyango lokuqala lomhlaza wemiphunga okwinqanaba eliphezulu. Irejimeni ethile ye-chemotherapy ilungiselelwe isigulane ngasinye.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango lweradiation lusebenzisa imiqadi yamandla aphezulu ukujolisa nokutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa yodwa okanye idityaniswe nolunye unyango. Iindlela zale mihla zokusasazeka ngemitha, ezinje nge-stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), zibonelela ngokuthe ngqo ekujoliseni kwaye zinciphise umonakalo kwizihlunu ezisempilweni ezingqongileyo.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lusebenzisa amachiza ajolise ngokukodwa kwiiseli zomhlaza, ukunciphisa ingozi kwiiseli eziphilileyo. Olu nyango luhlala lusetyenziswa kunye nolunye unyango, kwaye ukusebenza kwalo kuxhomekeke kwiinguqu ezithile zofuzo ezikhoyo kwiiseli zomhlaza.

Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy isebenzisa amandla amajoni omzimba okulwa nomhlaza. Olu nyango lunceda amajoni omzimba abone kwaye ahlasele iiseli zomhlaza ngokufanelekileyo. I-Immunotherapy iguqule unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga, ibonelela ngezibonelelo zexesha elide kwizigulana ezininzi.

Ukukhetha isibhedlele soNyango loMhlaza weMiphuphu

Ukukhetha isibhedlele esifanelekileyo unyango non-umtshayi unyango umhlaza wemiphunga Izibhedlele sisigqibo esibalulekileyo. Qwalasela ezi nkalo zilandelayo:

Umba	Iingqwalasela
Amava kunye nobuGcisa	Khangela izibhedlele ezinomthamo omkhulu wamatyala omhlaza wemiphunga kunye neengcali ezinamava ekunyangeni abangatshayiyo.
Itekhnoloji kunye nezibonelelo	Izixhobo zokuxilonga ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu, iindlela zotyando ezingenelelayo kancinci, kunye nokufikelela kunyango olukwinqanaba eliphezulu zibalulekile.
Iinkonzo zeNkxaso yezigulana	Iinkqubo zenkxaso ezibanzi, kubandakanywa iingcebiso, ukubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili, kunye noncedo lwemali, zibalulekile kwizigulane kunye neentsapho zazo.
Ukuvunywa kunye neeReyithingi	Khangela ukuvunywa yimibutho ehloniphekileyo kwaye uphonononge ukulinganiswa kwesigulane kunye nempendulo.

Kukhathalelo olubanzi nolukhethekileyo, cinga ngezibhedlele zophando ezinamaziko omhlaza wemiphunga azinikeleyo. La maziko ahlala ebonelela ngamaqela ahlukeneyo anobuchule kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga.

Izibonelelo kunye neNkxaso

Ukujongana nokuxilongwa komhlaza wemiphunga kunokuba nzima. Zininzi izixhobo ezifumanekayo ukunika inkxaso nolwazi. Umbutho weMiphuphu waseMelika (https://www.lung.org/) ibonelela ngezibonelelo ezixabisekileyo kunye namaqela enkxaso. Iziko leSizwe loMhlaza (https://www.cancer.gov/) ibonelela ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nophando lomhlaza wemiphunga kunye neendlela zonyango.

Khumbula, ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nokufikelela kukhathalelo olusemgangathweni kubalulekile kwiziphumo eziphuculweyo unyango non-umtshayi unyango umhlaza wemiphunga Izibhedlele. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nesikhokelo somntu kwaye ujonge zonke iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo.

Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe kunye noncedo, ungaqhagamshelana IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa ngenxa yobungcali babo kunyango lomhlaza.