unyango lwerenal cell carcinoma pathology luchaza izibhedlele

Ukuqonda i-Renal Cell Carcinoma: I-Pathology Outlines & Options Treatment HospitalUnyango lwe-renal cell carcinoma (RCC) lufuna indlela ehlukeneyo, ukudibanisa i-pathology, i-radiology, kunye nobuchule be-oncology. Esi sikhokelo esibanzi sihlola i-pathology outlines ye-RCC, ichaza iimpawu eziphambili zokuxilonga, isiteji, kunye nonyango olukhoyo kwizibhedlele eziphambili.

I-Renal Cell Carcinoma: I-Pathological Overview

I-Renal cell carcinoma (unyango lwerenal cell carcinoma pathology luchaza izibhedlele) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza wezintso, olusuka kwiiseli ze-epithelial ze-renal tubules. Ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kwe-pathological kubalulekile ekukhokeleni izigqibo zonyango kunye nokuxela kwangaphambili i-prognosis. Uvavanyo lwe-Histological lubonisa iintlobo zeeseli ezahlukeneyo, ezichaphazela ubundlongondlongo kunye nempendulo yonyango. Ii-subtypes eziphambili ziquka i-cell cell RCC (ccRCC), i-papillary RCC, i-chromophobe RCC, kunye nabanye. I-subtype nganye ibonisa iimpawu ezizodwa ze-microscopic, ezichaphazela i-prognosis kunye nezicwangciso zonyango.

Susa iCarcinoma yeSeli yeRenal yeSeli (ccRCC)

I-ccRCC yenza uninzi lwamatyala e-RCC. I-Pathologically, ibonakaliswa yi-cytoplasm ecacileyo kwiiseli zethumba ngenxa yobuninzi be-glycogen kunye nomxholo we-lipid. Ezi seli zihlala zibonisa ipateni eyahlukileyo yokukhula, ukwenza iindlwane okanye ii-tubules. Ubukho beenguqu ezithile zofuzo, ezifana nokuguqulwa kofuzo lwe-VHL, kubonwa rhoqo.

I-Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma

I-Papillary RCC yohlulwe ngepatheni yokukhula kwe-papillary, kunye neeseli ezenza amagqabi athambileyo okanye i-papillae. Ngokungafaniyo ne-ccRCC, i-cytoplasm ayicacanga kangako. Iintlobo ezincinci zimbini zikhoyo: uhlobo loku-1 kunye nohlobo lwesi-2, kunye nohlobo lwesi-2 olunxulunyaniswa ne-prognosis embi kakhulu.

I-Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma

I-Chromophobe RCC ayixhaphakanga kwaye ibonakaliswe ziiseli ezine-cytoplasm ephaphathekileyo, i-eosinophilic cytoplasm kunye neempawu zenyukliya ezingenanto. Idla ngokuba nepateni eyahlukileyo yokukhula, ukwenza iindlwane okanye amashiti.

Ezinye Iintlobo ezincinci

Uninzi lwezinye ii-subtypes ezinqabileyo ezikhoyo, kubandakanya ukuqokelela i-duct carcinoma, i-medullary RCC, kunye ne-RCC engahlelwanga. Ezi subtypes zihlala zifuna ubuchule obukhethekileyo bokuxilongwa kunye nocwangciso lonyango.

Izinto eziBanzi kunye nePrognostic kwi-RCC

I-pathological staging, esekelwe kwinkqubo ye-TNM (ubungakanani be-tumor, ukubandakanyeka kwe-nodal, kunye ne-metastasis ekude), isisiseko ekunqumeni ubungakanani besifo. Olu lwazi, ecaleni kohlobo oluthile lwe-RCC kunye nezinye izinto ezilindelekileyo ezifana nebakala (indlela ezibonakala ngayo iiseli zomhlaza phantsi kwe-microscope), zinefuthe kwiindlela zonyango. Okukhona inqanaba liphezulu, kokukhona lubanzi ngakumbi unyango ngokubanzi.

Iinketho zonyango lweRenal Cell Carcinoma

Ukhetho lonyango luxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa inqanaba, ibakala, kunye nempilo yesigulana iyonke. Ukhetho lusuka kutyando (i-nephrectomy engaphelelanga okanye i-radical nephrectomy), unyango olujoliswe kuyo, i-immunotherapy, kunye nonyango lwe-radiation.

Uqhaqho loKutyandwa

Ukususwa ngotyando lwethumba kudla ngokuba lolona nyango luphambili lweRCC yendawo. I-nephrectomy engaphelelanga igcina izicubu zezintso eziphilileyo, ngelixa i-nephrectomy enkulu ibandakanya ukususa zonke izintso kunye ne-lymph nodes ezingqongileyo. Ukhetho luxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa ubungakanani kunye nendawo ye-tumor, kunye nomsebenzi wezintso jikelele zesigulane.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Iindlela zonyango ezijoliswe kuzo, ezifana ne-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), zijolise ngokukodwa kwiiprotheni ezingaqhelekanga eziqhuba ukukhula kwe-RCC. La machiza atshintshe unyango lwe-RCC ephucukileyo, aphucula amazinga okuphila. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-sunitinib, i-sorafenib, kunye ne- pazopanib.

Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy idibanisa amajoni omzimba ukulwa neeseli zomhlaza. I-Checkpoint inhibitors, ezifana ne-nivolumab kunye ne-ipilimumab, zonyango olusebenzayo lwe-RCC ephezulu. La machiza asebenza ngokukhulula iziqhoboshi kumajoni omzimba, eyivumela ukuba ibone ngcono kwaye ihlasele iiseli zomhlaza.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha lunokusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezithile, ezinje ngokhathalelo lokuthomalalisa isifo esikwinqanaba eliphezulu okanye kudityaniswe nolunye unyango.

Ukukhetha iSibhedlele esiLungileyo kuNyango lwe-RCC

Ukukhetha isibhedlele esifanelekileyo unyango lwerenal cell carcinoma pathology luchaza izibhedlele ibalulekile. Khangela amaziko anamaqela anamava amaninzi abandakanya ii-urologists, i-oncologists, ii-pathologists, kunye neengcali ze-radiologists ezigxile kwi-genitourinary cancers. Iziko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa (https://www.baofahospital.com/) ngumzekelo wesibhedlele esizinikele ekunikeni ukhathalelo olubanzi lomhlaza, kunye neengcali ezinamava ekuxilongeni nasekunyangelweni kwe-renal cell carcinoma. Qwalasela izinto ezifana nobuchule bobuchwepheshe, ukubandakanyeka kophando, kunye neenkonzo zenkxaso yezigulane xa usenza isigqibo.

Ukuqukumbela

Iphumelele unyango lwerenal cell carcinoma pathology luchaza izibhedlele ifuna uxilongo oluchanekileyo, inqanaba elichanekileyo, kunye nesicwangciso sonyango esilungiselelweyo. Ngokuqonda iimpawu ze-pathological ze-RCC, ii-subtypes zayo ezahlukeneyo, kunye neendlela ezifumanekayo zonyango, izigulane zinokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi ngokusebenzisana neqela labo lezempilo. Ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwesibhedlele luyimfuneko kwisiphumo esihle kakhulu.