inqanaba unyango unyango umhlaza wemiphunga omnye

Inqanaba lokuQala loNyango loMhlaza weMiphunga: Isikhokelo esiBanziUkuqonda amanqam enqanaba lokuqala lonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kubalulekile kulawulo olusebenzayo kunye neziphumo eziphuculweyo. Esi sikhokelo sinika inkcazo ecacileyo yeenketho ezikhoyo, ezigxininise kwiindlela ezisekelwe kubungqina kunye nokunyamekela okujoliswe kwisigulane. Siza kuphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakhona, kunye nokubaluleka kwezicwangciso zonyango ezenzelwe wena.

Uxilongo kunye neStaging

Ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo sisiseko sempumelelo inqanaba unyango unyango umhlaza wemiphunga omnye. Oku kudla ngokubandakanya indibaniselwano yobuchule bokucinga (i-CT scans, i-PET scans), i-biopsy, kunye ne-bronchoscopy enokwenzeka. Ukulinganisa, ukugqiba ubungakanani bokusasazeka komhlaza, kubaluleke kakhulu kwizigqibo zonyango. Inqanaba I lomhlaza wemiphunga libonisa ukuba umhlaza uphelele emiphungeni kwaye awukanwenweli kwii-lymph nodes okanye kwamanye amalungu. Amacandelo athile (IA kunye ne-IB) aphucula ngakumbi ubungakanani bethumba kunye nokubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node. Iqonga elichanekileyo livumela indlela elungelelanisiweyo inqanaba unyango unyango umhlaza wemiphunga omnye.

Ukuqonda inqanaba le-IA kunye ne-IB Lung Cancer

Inqanaba le-IA lomhlaza wemiphunga libonakaliswa bubungakanani bethumba elincinci (ngaphantsi kwe-2 centimeters) ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node, ngelixa i-IB ibandakanya i-tumor enkulu (i-2-5 centimeters) okanye isasazeka kwii-lymph nodes zengingqi. Ukwahlula phakathi kwezi zixhobo kuchaphazela iingcebiso zonyango.

IiKhetho zoNyango lweSigaba sokuQala soMhlaza weMiphunga

Zininzi iindlela zonyango onokukhetha kuzo kwinqanaba lokuqala lomhlaza wemiphunga, utyando luyeyona ndlela iphambili kwiimeko ezininzi.

Uqhaqho loKutyandwa: Ilitye lembombo loNyango

Uqhaqho loqhaqho, ukususwa kwezicubu zemiphunga ezinomhlaza, luhlala lolona nyango lukhethwayo kwisigaba I somhlaza wemiphunga. Oku kunokubandakanya i-lobectomy (ukususwa kwe-lobe ye-lung), i-segmentectomy (ukususwa kwecandelo lomphunga), okanye ukususwa kwe-wedge (ukususwa komphetho omncinci wezicubu zemiphunga). Ukhetho lwenkqubo luxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nendawo yethumba, ubungakanani, kunye nempilo yesigulana. Ubuchwephesha obuhlaselayo obuncinci, obufana notyando lwethoracic oluncediswa yividiyo (i-VATS), ziya zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukunciphisa ukonakala kunye nexesha lokubuyisela. Indlela yotyando ye inqanaba unyango unyango umhlaza wemiphunga omnye iqwalaselwa ngenyameko ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zomntu ngamnye.

Unyango lwe-Adjuvant: Ukuphucula ukusebenza ngokuNyango

Kwezinye iimeko, unyango lwe-adjuvant, olufana ne-chemotherapy okanye unyango lwe-radiation, lunokucetyiswa emva kotyando ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphinda. Ezi zihlala zisetyenziswa xa kukho umngcipheko ophezulu wokubuya komhlaza, omiselwa yimiba efana neempawu zethumba okanye ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node. Isigqibo sokusebenzisa unyango lwe-adjuvant emva kokuhlinzwa kokuhlinzwa inqanaba unyango unyango umhlaza wemiphunga omnye yenzelwe umntu kwaye ixoxwa ngokubanzi kunye ne-oncologist yesigulana.

Unyango ngemitha: Enye indlela kwiimeko eziKhethekileyo

Unyango lweradiation, kusetyenziswa imiqadi yamandla aphezulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza, inokuba lukhetho kwizigulana ezingengabo abaviwa botyando ngenxa yobudala, i-comorbidities, okanye ezinye izinto. I-Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), uhlobo oluchanekileyo kakhulu lonyango lwemitha, isoloko isetyenziselwa umhlaza wemiphunga omncinci, okwinqanaba lakwangoko. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba utyando luhlala lusemgangathweni wokunyamekela kwizigulane ezininzi ezinesigaba somhlaza wemiphunga.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo kunye ne-Immunotherapy

Ngelixa ingasetyenziswa rhoqo njengonyango oluphambili kwisigaba I somhlaza wemiphunga, unyango olujoliswe kuyo kunye ne-immunotherapies zinokudlala indima kwiimeko ezithile. Olu nyango lujolise kwiimolekyuli ezithile ngaphakathi kweeseli zomhlaza okanye ukusebenzisa amajoni omzimba ukulwa nomhlaza. Isigqibo sokusebenzisa olu nyango inqanaba unyango unyango umhlaza wemiphunga omnye yenziwe kwimeko-nge-imeko kwaye isekelwe kwiimpawu ezithile zofuzo zethumba.

Ukukhetha iSicwangciso soNyango esiLungileyo

Esona sicwangciso sonyango esilungileyo senqanaba lokuqala lomhlaza wemiphunga simiselwa ngokwesigulane-ngesigulane, kuthathelwa ingqalelo izinto ezahlukeneyo:

Umba	Ukuqwalasela
Ubungakanani bethumba kunye nendawo	Iimpembelelo kwindlela yotyando kunye nokuba nokwenzeka.
Impilo yesigulana iyonke	Imisela ukunyamezela utyando kunye nolunye unyango.
Iimpawu zemfuzo	Inokuchaphazela ukhetho lonyango olujoliswe kuyo okanye i-immunotherapy.
Ukhetho lomntu	Ukwenziwa kwezigqibo ekwabelwana ngako kubalulekile kwiziphumo ezingcono zesigulana.

Iqela lezinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa oogqirha botyando, i-oncologists, i-radiologists, kunye nezinye iingcali, badla ngokusebenzisana ukwenza isicwangciso sonyango esibanzi esilungiselelwe iimfuno zesigulana ngasinye. Oku kuqinisekisa eyona ndlela isebenzayo kunye neyomntu inqanaba unyango unyango umhlaza wemiphunga omnye. Kukhathalelo olubanzi lomhlaza kunye neendlela zonyango oluphezulu, cinga ngokujonga izibonelelo kunye nobuchule obukhoyo IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa.

Ukhathalelo lwasemva koNyango kunye nokulandelisa

Ukulandela unyango, ukuqeshwa kokulandelela rhoqo kubalulekile ekubekeni iliso ukuphindaphinda kunye nokulawula nayiphi na imiphumo enokubakho. Olu qeshwa lubandakanya izifundo zemifanekiso kunye novavanyo lwegazi. Ukufunyaniswa kwangethuba kokuphindaphinda kubalulekile kulawulo olululo.

Ukuzihlangula

Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko ubonisana nengcali yezempilo eqeqeshiweyo yokuxilongwa kunye nengcebiso zonyango. Ulwazi olunikeziweyo apha akufunekanga luthathelwe indawo iingcebiso zobungcali zonyango oluvela kugqirha wakho okanye omnye umboneleli wezempilo oqeqeshiweyo. Kufuneka uhlale ufuna iingcebiso zogqirha wakho okanye omnye umboneleli wezempilo oqeqeshiweyo ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo malunga nemeko yonyango. Ungaze utyeshele iingcebiso zobugqirha okanye ulibazise ukulifuna ngenxa yento oyifundileyo kule webhusayithi.[Imithombo: (Faka imithombo yolwazi efanelekileyo apha, ucaphula izifundo ezithile nezikhokelo ezivela kwimibutho ehlonelwayo efana neNational Cancer Institute, American Cancer Society, njl.)]