Ukukhutshwa kweZiyobisi: Isikhokelo esibanzi 

Ukukhutshwa kweziyobisi Iinkqubo zinika izibonelelo ezibalulekileyo kwiindlela eziqhelekileyo ngokugcina ukugxininisa iziyobisi ngaphakathi kwefestile yonyango ixesha elide. Oku kunciphisa rhoqo i-dosing rhoqo, kunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kwaye kuphuculwe ukuthotyelwa koogulelo. Eli nqaku lidla imithetho-siseko, iindlela, izicelo, kunye nendlela yexesha elizayo ye Ukukhutshwa kweziyobisi.

Intshayelelo yokukhutshwa okulawulwayo

Iindlela zokuhambisa iziyobisi zihlala zikhokelela ekuqhubeni amanqanaba amachiza emzimbeni, ekhokelela kumaxesha oxinzelelo oluphezulu (okunokubangela ityhefu) kunye namaxesha oxinzelelo (apho ichiza elingasebenziyo). Ukukhutshwa kweziyobisi Iinkqubo ezijolise kuzo zoyisa la manzi ngokukhulula ichiza kwinqanaba elimiselweyo, liqinisekisa inqanaba eliguquliweyo nelilungisa ngaphakathi komzimba.

Izibonelelo zokukhululwa okulawulwayo

• Ukucuthwa kwe-Dossing Dolly: Zimbalwa iidosi ezifunekayo, ukuphucula ukuthotyelwa koguli.
• Iziphumo ezihleliwe: Inqanaba eliqingqiweyo leziyobisi linciphisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezinxulumene neziphumo ezinxulumene nazo.
• Ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kakuhle: Ukugcina amanqanaba eziyobisi kwiwindows yonyango kuyalisebenzisa ukusebenza kweziyobisi.
• Uhlobo oluphuculweyo lwesigulana: I-dosing engaphezulu isebenza rhoqo yenza ukuba unyango lube lula kwizigulana.

Iindlela zokukhululwa okulawulwayo

Iindlela ezininzi zisetyenziselwa ukufezekisa ukukhutshwa okulawulwayo, nganye inezinto zayo ezilungileyo nezingalunganga. Ezi ndlela zinokuhlelwa ngokubanzi zibe yi-dismial-elawulwa, kunye neenkqubo ezilawulwa nge-osmoting.

Iinkqubo ezilawulwa-ezilawulwa

Kwiinkqubo ezilawulwayo-ezilawulwayo, ichiza likhutshwa nge-polymer matrix. Iqondo lokukhutshwa kweziyobisi limiselwa ngumlinganiso owomileyo wechiza kwi-polymer kunye nejometri yesixhobo. Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili:

• Izixhobo ze-reservoit: Isiseko seziyobisi sijikelezwe yi-membrane yokulawula. Iyeza liyahluka ngokusebenzisa i-membrane kwiqondo elilawulayo.
• Izixhobo zeMatrix: Ichiza lisasazeka kuyo yonke i-polymer matrix. Ichiza liyahluka kwi-matrix njengoko i-polymer ishukuma kunye / okanye ihlazo.

Iinkqubo ezilawulwa ngu-Erosion

Iinkqubo ezilawulwayo-ezilawulwayo zikhupha ichiza njenge-polymer matrix ye-erodes okanye i-vegrades. Ireyithi yokukhukuliseka inokulawulwa kukwenziwa kwePolymer kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo (E.G., PH, enzymes).

• Ukhukuliseko lomhlaba: I-polymer erodes evela kumphezulu, ukukhupha ichiza kwifashoni ye-zero.
• I-Bulk Erosion: I-polymer ithobekile kuwo wonke ivolumu yayo, ekhokelela kwiprofayili yokukhululeka kakhulu.

Iinkqubo ze-osmoting

Iinkqubo ezilawulwa nge-osmotive zisebenzisa uxinzelelo lwe-osmotic ukuqhuba ukukhutshwa ngamachiza. I-membrane efikayo ijikeleze isiseko seziyobisi esine-osmotical arhente. Amanzi atsalwa kwi-core, edaleni uxinzelelo olutyhala ichiza ngaphandle kwe-orifice encinci. Ezi nkqubo zihlala zinikezela kakhulu ukukhutshwa okulawulwayo Iiprofayili.

Izicelo zokuhanjiswa kweziyobisi

Ukukhutshwa kweziyobisi Unoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Imigaqo inokusetyenziswa kuphando lomhlaza, njengophando olwenziwe kwi IZiko loPhando lweShandong Baeo eziphucula iindlela zonyango zesiko. Nantsi eminye imizekelo:

Ukukhutshwa komlomo

Ngomlomo ukukhutshwa okulawulwayo Ifomula yenzelwe ukukhupha iyeza ngokuthe ngcembe kwi-gestrointenal phecanal. Oku kunokunciphisa ukubuyela umva kunye nokuphucula ukufunwa ngamachiza. Imizekelo ibandakanya:

• Iithebhulethi ezikhutshwayo zaKhulelweyo kunye neeCapsules: Ezi fomu isebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo (E.G., umahluko we-matrix, uxinzelelo lwe-osmotic) ukulawula ukukhutshwa kwechiza ngaphezulu kweeyure ezininzi.
• Iitafile ze-Genect: Ezi pilisi zidityaniswe nepolymer enyibilikisi kuphela kwindawo ye-alkaline yethumbu elincinci, ukukhusela ichiza elivela kwisisu kunye nokuyikhulula ngendlela ekujoliswe kuyo.

I-Transbermal patches

I-Transdirmal patches ihambisa iziyobisi ngolusu kwinqanaba elilawulayo. Ezi ziqwenga zilula kwaye zinokubonelela ngokuhanjiswa kweziyobisi ngaphandle kwemfuneko yenaliti. Imizekelo ibandakanya:

• Iziqwenga ze-nitine: Isetyenziselwa ukutshaya, ezi patches zihlangula i-nicotine kwinqanaba elilawulayo ukunciphisa iminqweno.
• I-Fentanyl Procheches: Isetyenziselwa ulawulo lweentlungu, ezi patches zihambisa uFentanyl, i-opioid enokubakho, kwinqanaba elilawulayo.

Ukukhutshwa okungathethekiyo

Ichanekile ukukhutshwa okulawulwayo Ifomula yenzelwe ukukhupha ichiza kwiiveki okanye kwiinyanga. Ezi fom ziluncedo kwiziyobisi ezifuna unyango lwexesha elide kunye nezigulana ezinobunzima obunokubangela irejimeni yamayeza ngomlomo. Imizekelo ibandakanya:

• I-microssore: Imicroscores ezilayishwe iziyobisi ifakwe emzimbeni, apho bakhulula ichiza njenge-polymer ethoba.
• Ukufakwa: Ukufakwa okuqinileyo kufakwa phantsi kolusu, apho bakhupha ichiza ixesha elide.

Izinto ezichaphazela ukukhutshwa okulawulwa

Izinto ezininzi zinokuphembelela inqanaba kunye nexesha lokukhululwa kweziyobisi ukusuka ukukhutshwa okulawulwayo iinkqubo. Ezi zinto zibandakanya:

• Iipropathi zeziyobisi: Ukuluka, ubunzima bemoleya, kunye nozinzo lwamachiza.
• Iipropati zePolymer: Ubunzima bemolekyuli, i-hydrophobility, kunye nenqanaba lokuphelisa i-polymer.
• Isixhobo sejometri: Ubungakanani, ubume, kunye nendawo yomphezulu wesixhobo.
• Izinto zokusingqongileyo: Ph, ubushushu, kunye ne-enzymes kwindawo engqongileyo.

Imeko yexesha elizayo yokukhululwa

Intsimi ye Ukukhutshwa kweziyobisi ihlala ivela, ngetekhnoloji entsha kunye nezicelo ezivela. Ezinye zeendlela eziphambili zibandakanya:

Ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi

Iinkqubo ekujoliswe kuzo iziyobisi zenzelwe ukuhambisa ichiza ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo yesenzo, ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwaye kwandise ukusebenza kakuhle. Oku kunokufezekiswa ngokusebenzisa:

• Ujoliso lweLigalwe: Ukuncamathisela i-ligands kwisithwali seziyobisi ebophelela kwiimpendulo ezithile kwiiseli ekujoliswe kuzo.
• Iinkqubo zokuphendula eziphendulayo: Ukuyila abathwali beziyobisi ezikhulula ichiza ekuphenduleni kwi-Stimuli ethile, njenge-pH, ubushushu, okanye i-enzymes.

I-3D iprinta kukukhululwa okulawulwayo

Itekhnoloji ye-3D isetyenziselwa ukwenza ngokwezifiso ukukhutshwa okulawulwayo izixhobo ezinee-geometries ezintsonkothileyo kunye neeprofayili zokukhulula iziyobisi. Oku kuvumela amayeza avele umntu kunye nophuhliso lweenkqubo zokuhambisa i-novel.

I-Nanotechnology ekuKhululwe

I-Nanoparcloclicles, ezinjenge-zeposomes, i-erasoric napticrlecs, kunye namachaphaza amathamtha, zisetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi ukuze kujongwane nezicubu. I-Nanopalicles inokuphucula ukuluka kweziyobisi, khusela ichiza ekukhokeleni, kwaye ukuphucula ichiza likhutshwe ziiseli.

Umzekelo: Idatha yokuthelekiswa neeprofayili zeziyobisi

* Idatha yenzelwe imizekeliso kuphela kwaye ingahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekuqulunqweni.

Ukuqukumbela

Ukukhutshwa kweziyobisi Inika izibonelelo ezibalulekileyo kwiindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuhanjiswa kweziyobisi, kubandakanya ukuncitshiswa kwe-dosing draquency, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kunye nokuphuculwa kokusebenza kakuhle. Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo kwizixhobo zenzululwazi, kunye ne-nanotechnology, kunye ne-3D, ikamva le ukukhutshwa okulawulwayo iqaqambile, ithembisa unyango olusebenzayo nolwabantu olusebenzayo lwezifo ezininzi.