Ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi ekuJoliswe kuzo kuMhlaza: Isikhokelo esiBanzi 

Ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi ekujoliswe kuzo kumhlaza ijolise ekuphuculeni ukusebenza konyango kunye nokunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ngokukhetha ngokukhetha ii-arhente zonyango kwiiseli zomhlaza ngelixa ugcina izicubu ezinempilo. Le ndlela ixhasa abathwali abahlukeneyo kunye nezicwangciso ezijolise ekuphuculeni ukuqokelelwa kwamachiza ngaphakathi kwe-tumor microenvironment, ekhokelela kuphuculo lweziphumo zesigulana.

Ukuqonda Ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi okuJolisiweyo kuMhlaza

Yintoni Ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi okuJolisiweyo kuMhlaza?

Ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi ekujoliswe kuzo kumhlaza yindlela entsonkothileyo yokunika amayeza ngokuthe ngqo kwiiseli zomhlaza. Ngokungafaniyo nechemotherapy yesiko, echaphazela wonke umzimba, iinkqubo ezijolise ekuhambiseni amayeza zijolise ekuhambiseni amachiza ngokukodwa kwindawo yethumba. Le ndlela inciphisa umonakalo kwizihlunu ezisempilweni kwaye inciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu ezihlala zinxulunyaniswa nonyango oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza.

Kutheni kunjalo Ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi okuJolisiweyo kuMhlaza Kubalulekile?

Injongo ephambili ye ukuhanjiswa kweyeza elijoliswe kumhlaza kukuphucula ukusebenza konyango lomhlaza ngelixa unciphisa iziphumo eziyityhefu kwiiseli ezisempilweni. Ngokuhambisa iziyobisi ngokuthe ngqo kwi-tumor, ukugxilwa okuphezulu kwe-arhente yonyango kunokufezekiswa kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo, ukuphucula amathuba onyango oluyimpumelelo. Oku kukwacutha ukuba sesichengeni senkqubo yechiza, okukhokelela kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa nezincinci kwisigulana.

Iindlela zoku Ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi okuJolisiweyo kuMhlaza

UkuJonga okuPhakamisayo

Ukujoliswa kwe-Passive kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zendalo zamathumba, ezifana ne-vasculature evuzayo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-lymphatic drainage, ukuvumela amachiza ukuba aqokelele kwi-tumor microenvironment. I-Nanoparticles enobungakanani obufanelekileyo kunye neempawu ezingaphezulu zinokusebenzisa ezi mpawu ukuze zijolise kumathumba. Omnye umzekelo zii-liposomes eziyi-vesicles ezingqukuva ezenziwe nge-lipid bilayers.

UkuJonga okuSebenzayo

Ujoliso olusebenzayo lubandakanya ukuguqula abathwali bamachiza kunye neeligand ezithile ezibophelela kwii-receptors ezigqithise kakhulu kwiiseli zomhlaza. Olu nxibelelwano luququzelela ukuthatyathwa okukhethiweyo komthuthi weziyobisi ngeeseli zomhlaza. Iiligand eziqhelekileyo ziquka izilwa-buhlungu, iipeptides, kunye neeaptamers.

Izivuseleli-iSabele ekuJoliseni

I-Stimuli-responsive targeting isebenzisa i-stimuli yangaphakathi okanye yangaphandle, efana ne-pH, ubushushu, okanye ukukhanya, ukuqalisa ukukhutshwa kwechiza kwindawo ye-tumor. Le ndlela ivumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo malunga nokuhanjiswa kweziyobisi, ukwandisa ukusebenza konyango ngelixa unciphisa iziphumo ezijoliswe kuyo. Iinanoparticles ezinobuthathaka be-pH, umzekelo, zikhulula umthwalo wazo weziyobisi kwindawo ene-acidic ye-tumor microenvironment.

Abathwali abasetyenziswa kwi Ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi okuJolisiweyo kuMhlaza

Nanoparticles

Iinanoparticles zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengabathwali kwi ukuhanjiswa kweyeza elijoliswe kumhlaza ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncinci, indawo enkulu yomhlaba, kunye nokuguquguquka. Zingenziwa ngezinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya i-lipids, iipolymers, kunye neekhompawundi ezingaphili. I-Nanoparticles inokuthi yenziwe ngobunjineli ukuze ifake iziyobisi, zikhusele ekuthotyweni, kwaye ziququzelele ukuhanjiswa kwazo ekujoliswe kuzo kwiiseli zomhlaza. I IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa isebenzisa iindidi ze-nanoparticles kuphando lwabo oluqhubekayo kunyango lomhlaza wenoveli.

Iiposomes

I-Liposomes zi-vesicles ezingqukuva ezenziwe nge-lipid bilayers. Ziyi-biocompatible, biodegradable, kwaye zinokufaka zombini iziyobisi ze-hydrophilic kunye ne-hydrophobic. I-Liposomes inokuguqulwa ngokujoliswa kwe-ligands ukunyusa ukukhetha kwabo kwiiseli zomhlaza.

I-Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs)

Ii-ADCs zenziwe nge-antibody ye-monoclonal edityaniswe neyeza le-cytotoxic. I-antibody ibophelela ngokukhethekileyo kwiiseli zomhlaza, izisa iyeza ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo yethumba. Le ndlela idibanisa ubuchwephesha be-antibodies kunye namandla amachiza e-cytotoxic.

Imizekelo ye Ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi okuJolisiweyo kuMhlaza kusetyenziso lweKlinikhi

Doxil? (Liposomal Doxorubicin)

Doxil? yi-liposomal formulation ye-doxorubicin, ichiza le-chemotherapy ye-anthracycline. I-liposomal encapsulation ye-doxorubicin yongeza ixesha layo lokujikeleza kwaye iphucula ukuqokelelana kwayo kumathumba anevasculature evuzayo. Doxil? ivunyiwe kunyango lomhlaza wesibeleko, i-myeloma emininzi, kunye ne-Kaposi's sarcoma.

Kadcyla? (Trastuzumab Emtansine)

Kadcyla? yi-ADC eyenziwe nge-trastuzumab, i-antibody ye-monoclonal ejolise kwi-HER2, edityaniswe ne-emtansine, i-microtubule inhibitor. Kadcyla? ivunyiwe kunyango lwe-HER2-positive metastatic cancer. Icandelo le-trastuzumab laseKadcyla? ibophelela kwi-HER2-positive cancer cell cells, ihambisa i-emtansine ngqo kwindawo yethumba.

Imingeni kunye nezikhokelo zexesha elizayo

Ukoyisa imiqobo yeBiological

Enye yeengxaki ezinkulu kwi ukuhanjiswa kweyeza elijoliswe kumhlaza iyoyisa imiqobo yebhayoloji, efana nomqobo wegazi-ubuchopho kunye ne-tumor microenvironment. Izicwangciso zokunqoba ezi zithintelo ziquka ukusebenzisa i-nanoparticles encinci, ukuguqula iimpawu zabo zomhlaba, kunye nokusebenzisa ukujoliswa kwe-stimuli-responsive target.

Ukuphucula iNgcaciso yokuJonga

Ukuphucula ukuchana kweenkqubo ekujoliswe kuzo zokuhanjiswa kweziyobisi kubalulekile ukunciphisa iziphumo ebekujoliswe kuzo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza konyango. Oku kunokufezekiswa ngokuphuhlisa i-ligands ekhethiweyo, ukulungelelanisa uyilo lwabathwali bamachiza, kunye nokusebenzisa unyango oludibeneyo.

Iyeza elenzelwe wena

Iindlela zamayeza obuqu zibambe isithembiso esikhulu sokuphucula ukusebenza kwe ukuhanjiswa kweyeza elijoliswe kumhlaza. Ngokulungelelanisa amaqhinga onyango kwiimpawu zesigulana ngasinye kunye nethumba lazo, kunokwenzeka ukuba kuphuculwe ukuhanjiswa kwechiza kunye nokuphucula iziphumo zonyango. Oku kunokubandakanya ukuhlalutya inkangeleko yemfuza yethumba ukuchonga iithagethi ezithile zokuhanjiswa kwechiza.

Itheyibhile ye-FDA-eVunyiweyo ye-FDA eVunyiweyo yokuhanjiswa kweDrugs ye-Cancer

I-Disclaimer: Eli nqaku lenzelwe iinjongo zolwazi kuphela kwaye akufanele lithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Qhagamshelana nengcali yokhathalelo lwempilo oluvunyiweyo kunye nonyango lomhlaza.