unyango olungcono unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga

IiNdlela eziLungileyo zoNyango loMhlaza weMiphunga: IsiKhokelo esiBanzi

Esi sikhokelo sinika isishwankathelo esibanzi seyona nto ingcono unyango olungcono unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga iinketho ezikhoyo, kukunceda uqonde iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa usenza izigqibo ezibalulekileyo malunga nenkathalo yakho. Siphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, ukusebenza kwazo, kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Khumbula, olu lwazi lwenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kwaye akufuneki luthathe indawo yengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko udibana ne-oncologist yakho okanye umboneleli wezempilo malunga neengcebiso ezenzelwe wena.

Ukuqonda uMhlaza weLung

Iintlobo zomhlaza wemiphunga

Umhlaza wemiphunga uhlelwa ngokubanzi ube ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili: umhlaza wemiphunga weseli encinci (SCLC) kunye nomhlaza wemiphunga weseli ongengomncinci (NSCLC). I-NSCLC yenza uninzi loxilongo lomhlaza wemiphunga. Uhlobo oluthile lomhlaza wemiphunga lunempembelelo enkulu unyango olungcono unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga izicwangciso. Ukuqonda uhlobo lomhlaza wakho olusezantsi lubalulekile kucwangciso lonyango olusebenzayo. I-oncologist yakho iya kuqhuba iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya i-biopsies, ukufumanisa uhlobo oluchanekileyo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza wakho.

Umhlaza wemiphunga

Iqonga limisela ubungakanani bokusasazeka komhlaza. Amanqanaba aqala kwi-I (indawo) ukuya kwi-IV (metastatic). Iqonga lichaphazela ukhetho lwe unyango olungcono unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga kunye ne-prognosis. Ukulinganisa okuchanekileyo kubalulekile ekulungiseleleni isicwangciso sonyango esijongene neemfuno ezithile zesigulana. I-oncologist yakho iya kuchaza inqanaba lakho kunye neziphumo zalo.

IiKhetho zoNyango loMhlaza weMiphunga

Utyando

Utyando, olufana ne-lobectomy (ukususwa kwe-lung lobe) okanye i-pneumonectomy (ukususwa komphunga wonke), inokuba lukhetho lomhlaza wemiphunga wesigaba sokuqala. Ukuba nokwenzeka kotyando kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nobukhulu kunye nendawo yethumba, impilo yesigulana iyonke, kunye nobukho bazo naziphi na ezinye iimeko zonyango. Ubuchwephesha botyando obungenelelayo budla ngokukhethwa ukunciphisa ixesha lokubuyisela kunye nokunciphisa amanxeba.

Unyango ngamachiza

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa amayeza ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Isenokusetyenziswa phambi kotyando (i-neoadjuvant chemotherapy) ukuthoba ithumba, emva kotyando (i-adjuvant chemotherapy) ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphinda, okanye njengonyango lokuqala lomhlaza wemiphunga ophezulu. Amachiza aqhelekileyo e-chemotherapy kumhlaza wemiphunga abandakanya i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin, kunye ne-paclitaxel. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziyahluka, kodwa zihlala zibandakanya isicaphucaphu, ukudinwa, nokulahleka kweenwele. I-oncologist yakho iya kuxoxa ngeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neendlela zokulawula.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha lusebenzisa imitha yemitha ephezulu ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziswa yodwa okanye idityaniswe nolunye unyango. Unyango lwemitha yemitha yangaphandle lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo, ukuhambisa imitha kumatshini ongaphandle komzimba. Kwezinye iimeko, i-brachytherapy (imitha yangaphakathi) ingasetyenziswa.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Amachiza onyango ekujoliswe kuwo agxile kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni komhlaza. Olu nyango lusebenza ngokukodwa kwiindidi ezithile zomhlaza wemiphunga ezinotshintsho oluthile lwemfuza. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-EGFR inhibitors (umzekelo, i-gefitinib, i-erlotinib) kunye ne-ALK inhibitors (umzekelo, i-crizotinib). I-oncologist yakho iya kugqiba ukuba ngaba unyango olujoliswe kuyo lufanelekile ngokusekelwe kwiprofayili yemfuza yomhlaza wakho.

Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy idibanisa amajoni omzimba ukuze alwe neeseli zomhlaza. Ii-immune checkpoint inhibitors, ezifana ne-pembrolizumab kunye ne-nivolumab, ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kunyango lomhlaza wemiphunga. La machiza avala iiproteni ezithintela amajoni omzimba ekuhlaseleni iiseli zomhlaza. I-Immunotherapy inokuba nemiphumo ebalulekileyo, efuna ukujongwa ngokusondeleyo.

Ukukhetha iSicwangciso soNyango esiLungileyo

Eyona ilungileyo unyango olungcono unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga Isicwangciso somntu kwaye sixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya uhlobo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza, impilo yakho iyonke, kunye nezinto ozikhethayo. I-oncologist yakho iya kusebenza nawe ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sonyango esihambelana neemfuno zakho kunye neenjongo zakho. Unxibelelwano oluvulekileyo neqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo luyimfuneko kuyo yonke inkqubo yonyango.

Inkxaso kunye nezibonelelo

Ukujongana nokuxilongwa komhlaza wemiphunga kunokuba ngumngeni. Kubalulekile ukuba kubekho inkqubo yenkxaso eyomeleleyo. Zininzi izixhobo ezifumanekayo zokukunceda wena kunye nabo ubathandayo nihambe kolu hambo. Imibutho efana ne-American Cancer Society kunye neLung Cancer Research Foundation inika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo, amaqela enkxaso, kunye neenkqubo zoncedo lwezemali. IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa ikwabonelela ngenkxaso ebanzi kunye nokuqhubela phambili unyango olungcono unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga iinketho.

I-Disclaimer: Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Hlala udibana nogqirha wakho okanye omnye umboneleli wezempilo oqeqeshiweyo ukuba unemibuzo malunga nempilo yakho okanye ufuna iingcebiso zonyango.