unyango iinketho unyango umhlaza wemiphunga yinqanaba Izibhedlele

IiNdlela eziKhethekileyo zoNyango lomhlaza wemiphunga ngokweSigaba: IsiKhokelo esiBanzi Ukhetho lonyango lomhlaza wamalung luyohluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza. Esi sikhokelo sinika inkcazo yonyango oluqhelekileyo kunye nesicelo sabo kwinqanaba ngalinye, sigxininisa ukubaluleka kweyeza lomntu kunye nentsebenziswano kunye neqela leengcali ezininzi zonyango. Ukuqonda ukhetho lwakho kubalulekile ukwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokhathalelo lwakho.

IiNdlela zokuNyangwa koMhlaza weMiphunga ngokweSigaba: Isikhokelo esiBanzi

Umhlaza wemiphunga, oyena nobangela uphambili wokusweleka okunxulumene nomhlaza kwihlabathi liphela, ufuna indlela ebanzi yonyango. Eyona isebenzayo unyango iinketho zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga zixhomekeke kakhulu kwinqanaba apho umhlaza ufunyaniswa khona. Esi sikhokelo sihlalutya kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezisetyenziswa kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo, ukunika ukuqonda okucacileyo kwendlela eya phambili kwizigulane kunye neentsapho zabo. Ukufunyaniswa kwangethuba kunye nonyango olukhawulezileyo lubalulekile ekuphuculeni iziphumo, kuqaqambisa ukubaluleka kokuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokubonisana nabasebenzi bezonyango.

Umhlaza wemiphunga

Iqonga elichanekileyo libalulekile ekuqinisekiseni eyona ilungileyo unyango ukhetho umhlaza wemiphunga unyango ngesigaba. Ukulinganisa kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukahlukeneyo, kuquka uvavanyo lwemifanekiso (i-CT scan, i-PET scans, i-X-reyi), i-biopsies, kunye ne-bronchoscopy, ukuhlola ubungakanani bokusasazeka komhlaza. Amanqanaba asuka kwi-I (indawo) ukuya kwi-IV (i-metastatic), kunye nenqanaba ngalinye elimele inqanaba elahlukileyo lokunyuka komhlaza.

Iinketho zonyango ngokwenqanaba

Iqonga	Iinketho zonyango oluqhelekileyo
I & II (Inqanaba lokuqala)	Utyando (lobectomy, pneumonectomy), unyango lweradiation, okanye indibaniselwano yazo zombini. Kwezinye iimeko, i-chemotherapy ye-adjuvant inokucetyiswa emva kokuhlinzwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphindaphinda.
III (kwiNdawo iPhambili)	Unyango ngaxeshanye lwekhemoradiation (ichemotherapy kunye nonyango lweradiation olunikwa ngaxeshanye), lulandelwa lutyando olunokubakho okanye unyango olongezelelekileyo ngeradiation. Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lusenokuqwalaselwa.
IV (Metastatic)	Iinkqubo zonyango ezifana ne-chemotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo (umzekelo, i-EGFR inhibitors, i-ALK inhibitors), i-immunotherapy (umzekelo, i-checkpoint inhibitors), okanye ukudibanisa oku. Unyango lwemitha lunokusetyenziswa ukulawula iimpawu ezithile okanye izifo ezihlala kwindawo. Izibhedlele iingcali kwi-oncology zihlala zibonelela ngezicwangciso zonyango ezibanzi.

Qaphela: Le theyibhile ibonelela ngesishwankathelo jikelele. Iingcebiso zonyango ezikhethekileyo ziya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto zesigulana ngasinye ezifana nobudala, impilo iyonke, iimpawu zethumba, kunye nezinto ozikhethayo.

Ukukhetha iNdlela yoNyango oluLungileyo

Ukukhetha eyona ifanelekileyo unyango iinketho unyango umhlaza wemiphunga yinqanaba Izibhedlele ifuna indlela yentsebenziswano. Izigulana kufuneka ziqhagamshelane neqela lezinto ezininzi, ezibandakanya ii-oncologists, oogqirha botyando, i-radiation oncologists, kunye nezinye iingcali, ukwenza isicwangciso sonyango lomntu. Eli qela liya kuthathela ingqalelo impilo yesigulana iyonke, inqanaba kunye nohlobo lomhlaza wemiphunga, kunye nokhetho olukhoyo lonyango. Kubalulekile ukuzibandakanya kwiincoko ezivulelekileyo nezinyanisekileyo kunye nababoneleli ngezempilo ukuze uqonde ngokupheleleyo izibonelelo, iingozi, kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ezinxulumene nonyango ngalunye.

Iinketho zonyango oluPhezulu

Inkqubela phambili yamva nje kwi-oncology ikhokelele kuphuhliso lwenoveli unyango iinketho zonyango umhlaza wemiphunga. Unyango ekujoliswe kulo, i-immunotherapy, kunye nobuchule obutsha bokusasazeka kwemitha bubonelela ngokusebenza okuphuculweyo kunye nokuncipha kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwizigulana ezininzi. Olu phuculo luhlala lubonelela ngendlela eyenzelwe umntu ngakumbi nesebenzayo kulawulo lomhlaza. Qhagamshelana neqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo ukufumanisa ukuba olu nyango lusemagqabini lufanelekile na kwimeko yakho ethile.

Indima yezibhedlele kukhathalelo lomhlaza wemiphunga

Izibhedlele zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuboneleleni ngokubanzi unyango iinketho unyango umhlaza wemiphunga yinqanaba Izibhedlele. Amaziko omhlaza okhethekileyo ahlala ebonelela ngezixhobo zokuxilonga ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu, itekhnoloji yonyango ekumgangatho ophezulu, kunye namaqela anamava ahlukeneyo azinikele ekunikezeleni ngowona mgangatho wokhathalelo uphezulu. La maziko ahlala esebenzisana namaziko ophando, ekhuthaza ukusungulwa kwezinto ezintsha kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba izigulane ziyafikelela kwiimpumelelo zamva nje kunyango lomhlaza. Kukhathalelo olubanzi kunye neendlela zonyango oluphezulu, cinga ngokufuna ukhathalelo kwisibhedlele esibekekileyo esinesebe elizinikeleyo le-oncology.

I-Disclaimer: Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko udibana nengcali yokhathalelo lwempilo olufanelekileyo ukuze uxilongwe kunye nonyango lwaso nasiphi na isimo sonyango.

Imithombo:

1. Iziko leSizwe loMhlaza: https://www.cancer.gov/

2. Umbutho wamaLung waseMelika: https://www.lung.org/