unyango olungelulo oluncinci unyango lomhlaza wemiphunga weseli

UKhetho loNyango loMhlaza weMiphunga yeSeli engeNcinci (NSCLC)Ukuqonda UMhlaza weMiphunga yeSeli engeNcinci kunye noNyango oluFumanekayo Eli nqaku libonelela ngolwazi olubanzi ngonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga weseli olungelulo omncinci (NSCLC). Siphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, kubandakanya utyando, ichemotherapy, unyango lweradiation, unyango ekujoliswe kulo, kunye ne-immunotherapy, sichaza ukusebenza kwazo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Sijonge ukuxhobisa abantu abajongene nesi sifo ngolwazi ukuze baqhube iingxoxo ezinolwazi kunye nababoneleli babo bezempilo. Khumbula, olu lwazi akufuneki luthathe indawo yengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko udibana ne-oncologist yakho okanye enye ingcali yezempilo eqeqeshiweyo ukuze ufumane isikhokelo somntu.

Ukuqonda uMhlaza weMiphunga yeSeli engeNcinci (NSCLC)

Umhlaza wemiphunga weseli engeyiyo encinci (NSCLC) ibalelwa malunga ne-85% yalo lonke uxilongo lomhlaza wemiphunga. Sisifo esohlukileyo, esithetha ukuba sizibonakalisa ngokwahlukileyo kubantu abahlukeneyo, sichaphazela uqikelelo kunye neendlela zonyango. Ukufunyaniswa kwangethuba kuphucula kakhulu amanqanaba okusinda, kugxininisa ukubaluleka kokuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nonyango olukhawulezileyo ukuba iimpawu zivela. Uhlobo kunye nenqanaba le NSCLC ichaphazela kakhulu isicwangciso sonyango.

Ukumiselwa kwe-NSCLC

Ukwenziwa kwe NSCLC, ngokuqhelekileyo usebenzisa inkqubo ye-TNM (iTumor, Node, Metastasis), ibalulekile ekunqumeni isicwangciso sonyango. Le nkqubo ivavanya ubukhulu bethumba kunye nendawo, ukubandakanyeka kwee-lymph nodes, kunye nobukho beemetastases ezikude. Amanqanaba avela kwi-I (indawo) ukuya kwi-IV (i-metastatic), kunye nesigaba ngasinye esibonisa i-prognosis eyahlukileyo kunye nendlela yonyango. Ukulinganisa okuchanekileyo kufuna indibaniselwano yovavanyo lwemifanekiso efana ne-CT scans, i-PET scans, kunye ne-biopsies enokwenzeka.

Iinketho zonyango lwe-NSCLC

Ukhetho lonyango lwe NSCLC kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwinqanaba lomhlaza, impilo yesigulana ngokubanzi, kunye nezinto azikhethayo. Ihlala ibandakanya indibaniselwano yonyango ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuphucula iziphumo.

Utyando

Ukususwa ngotyando lwethumba lolona khetho lonyango lwenqanaba lokuqala NSCLC. Uhlobo lotyando luxhomekeke kwindawo elikuyo ithumba kunye nobukhulu, okunokuthi kubandakanye i-lobectomy (ukususwa kwe-lung lobe), i-pneumonectomy (ukususwa komphunga wonke), okanye i-segmentectomy (ukususwa kwecandelo lemiphunga elincinane). Ubuchwephesha obuncinci bokwenza utyando olufana notyando lwethoracoscopic oluncediswa yividiyo (i-VATS) luya luxhaphaka, lunikezela ngezithinteli ezincinci kunye namaxesha okubuyisela ngokukhawuleza.

Unyango ngamachiza

Unyango ngamachiza lubandakanya ukusebenzisa amayeza okubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ihlala isetyenziswa ngokudityaniswa nolunye unyango, njengotyando okanye unyango lwemitha, okanye njengonyango oluphambili lwenqanaba eliphezulu. NSCLC. Amachiza asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo echemotherapy NSCLC ziquka i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin, i-paclitaxel, kunye ne-docetaxel. Imiphumo emibi ingabaluleka kwaye iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumachiza athile kunye nedosi.

Unyango ngemitha

Unyango ngemitha lusebenzisa imitha yamandla aphezulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Ingasetyenziselwa ukucutha amathumba phambi kotyando, ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo emva kotyando, okanye ukunyanga inqanaba eliphezulu NSCLC engenakususwa ngotyando. Unyango lwemitha yemitha yangaphandle lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo, ukuhambisa imitha kumatshini ongaphandle komzimba. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubandakanya ukudinwa, ukucaphuka kwesikhumba, kunye nesicaphucaphu.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango olujoliswe kuyo lujolise kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekukhuleni kweeseli zomhlaza kunye nokuphila. Ziluncedo ngakumbi NSCLC izigulane ezineenguqu ezithile zofuzo, ezifana ne-EGFR, ALK, ROS1, kunye neenguqu ze-BRAF. Olu nyango lubonise impumelelo ephawulekayo ekwandiseni amaxesha okuphila kwizigulane ezinolu tshintsho oluthile. Imizekelo yonyango ekujoliswe kuyo ibandakanya i-erlotinib, i-gefitinib, i-crizotinib, kunye ne-afatinib.

Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy idibanisa amajoni omzimba ukuze alwe neeseli zomhlaza. Isebenza ngokukodwa ekunyangeni NSCLC ene-PD-L1 ephezulu yokubonakalisa. Iziyobisi ze-Immunotherapy, ezifana ne-pembrolizumab, i-nivolumab, kunye ne-atezolizumab, zivimba iindawo zokujonga amajoni omzimba, zivumela amajoni omzimba ukuba ahlasele ngokufanelekileyo iiseli zomhlaza. Imiphumo emibi inokwahluka kodwa inokuquka ukudinwa, irhashalala yesikhumba, kunye neziganeko ezimbi ezinxulumene nomzimba wokuzikhusela.

Ukukhetha iSicwangciso soNyango esiLungileyo

Ukhetho lwe Unyango lwe-NSCLC yinkqubo eyenzelwe wena kakhulu. Eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo ixhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya uhlobo oluthile kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza, impilo yesigulana iyonke, kunye nezinto ozikhethayo. Intsebenziswano esondeleyo phakathi kwesigulana kunye neqela labo lokhathalelo lwempilo ibalulekile ukumisela eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza. Iingxoxo ezibanzi kunye neengcali ze-oncologists kunye nezinye iingcali, kubandakanywa oogqirha botyando, ii-oncologists ze-radiation, kunye nee-oncologists zonyango, zibalulekile ekuphuhliseni isicwangciso sonyango esilungiselelweyo. Oku akufuneki kubandakanye unyango ngokwalo kuphela kodwa kunye nesicwangciso sokulawula naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Uhlobo loNyango	Ukusebenza kakuhle	Iziphumo ezisecaleni
Utyando	Iphezulu kwinqanaba lokuqala	Iintlungu, usulelo, ubunzima bokuphefumla
Unyango ngamachiza	Iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba kunye neziyobisi	Isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, ukulahleka kweenwele, ukudinwa
Unyango ngemitha	Isebenza kwizifo zendawo	Ukudinwa, ukucaphuka kwesikhumba, isicaphucaphu
Unyango ekujoliswe kulo	Isebenza kakhulu kutshintsho oluthile	Ukuqhawuka kwesikhumba, urhudo, ukudinwa
Immunotherapy	Isebenza kwiintlobo ezithile kunye nezigaba	Ukudinwa, irhashalala eluswini, iziganeko ezibi ezinxulumene ne-immune

Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nonyango lomhlaza kunye nenkxaso, nceda undwendwele i IZiko loPhando ngoMhlaza laseShandong Baofa iwebhusayithi. Banikezela ngeendlela zonyango eziphucukileyo kunye nenkxaso ebanzi kubantu abalwa nomhlaza.

I-Disclaimer: Le ngcaciso yenzelwe iinjongo zemfundo kuphela kwaye akufanele ithathwe njengengcebiso yezonyango. Soloko udibana nengcali yokhathalelo lwempilo olufanelekileyo ukuze uxilongwe kunye nonyango lwaso nasiphi na isimo sonyango.

Iireferensi: (Iimbekiselo ezithe ngqo kwiijenali zonyango kunye nemibutho yomhlaza ebekekileyo zingaqukwa apha, zinxulumana nazo ne-rel=nofollow ukuphepha ukuba nefuthe kuluhlu lokukhangela. Imizekelo ingabandakanya iZiko leSizwe loMhlaza (NCI) kunye newebhusayithi ye-American Cancer Society (ACS).