Umdlavuza we-pancreatic udala: Ukuqonda izici zobungozi 

Ukunquma ngqo ngqo Umdlavuza we-pancreatic Ihlala iyinselele, kepha ucwaningo luye lwathola izici ezimbalwa zengozi ezingakhulisa amathuba okuba selaba lesi sifo. Lezi zinto zisukela ekuhlolweni kwezakhi zofuzo nokukhethwa kwendlela yokuphila ezimeni zezokwelapha ezikhona. Le ndatshana ihlinzeka ngesibukezo esiphelele salezi zimbangela ezingaba khona, enikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile ekuqondeni nasekunciphiseni ubungozi bakho.

Uyini umdlavuza we-pancreatic?

Umdlavuza we-pancreatic yisifo lapho amaseli amabi akha izicubu zamanyikwe, isitho esitholakala ngemuva kwesisu. Ama-pancreas akhiqiza ama-enzyme asiza ukugaya ukudla nama-hormone asiza ukulawula ushukela wegazi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zomdlavuza we-pancreatic: i-adenocarcinoma, eqala kumaseli agqame ama-ducts ama-pancreas, kanye nama-tumor we-neuroendocrine, ajwayelekile avela kumaseli akhiqiza ama-pancreas.

Kusunguliwe Umdlavuza we-pancreatic nezinto ezingozini

Isiphikiso sofuzo

Iphesenti elincane le umdlavuza we-pancreatic Amacala axhumene nezofuzo ezatholakala njengefa. Lokhu kuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kungakhulisa ukuthambekela komuntu ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo. Ezinye zezakhi zofuzo ezihambisana nengozi eyandayo zifaka:

• I-BRCA1 ne-BRCA2: Lezi zigaba zofuzo nazo zixhunyaniswa nomdlavuza webele ne-ovarian.
• I-PALB2: Le gene isebenza nge-brca2 ukulungisa i-DNA eyonakele.
• I-ATM: Lolu hlobo lubandakanyeka ekubuyiselweni kwe-DNA kanye nokulawulwa komjikelezo weseli.
• I-Lynch syndrome izinhlobo (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, EPCAM): Lesi sifo sikhulisa ubungozi bomdlavuza onzulu, kufaka phakathi umdlavuza we-pancreatic.
• P16 / CDKN2A: Lolu hlobo lusiza ukulawula ukukhula kwamaseli.
• I-STK11: Kuhambisana ne-Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome, okubangela ama-polyps epheshana lokugaya ukudla futhi akhulise ubungozi bomdlavuza.

Izici zendlela yokuphila

Ukukhetha okuthile kwendlela yokuphila kungathinta kakhulu ubungozi bakho bokuthuthuka umdlavuza we-pancreatic:

• Ukubhema: Ukubhema kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu engcupheni umdlavuza we-pancreatic. Ababhemayo bangamathuba amabili kathathu kuya kwezintathu ukuthuthukisa lesi sifo uma kuqhathaniswa nabangabhemi. Ukuyeka ukubhema kunganciphisa ubungozi bakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Ukukhuluphala: Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala, ikakhulukazi ukuba namafutha esisu sesisu, kuxhunyaniswa nengozi eyandayo ye umdlavuza we-pancreatic. Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo ngokudla nokuzivocavoca kubalulekile.
• Ukudla: Ukudla okuphezulu ngenyama ebomvu futhi kusetshenzwe okuphansi nezithelo nemifino kungakhulisa ubungozi. Gxila ekudleni okulinganiselayo okunothile ngokugcwele okusanhlamvu, amaprotheni ancikile, izithelo nemifino.
• Ukuphuza utshwala: Ukuphuza kakhulu okunamandla, ikakhulukazi lapho kuhlangene nokubhema, kuhlotshaniswe nengozi eyandayo.

Izimo Zokwelashwa

Izimo ezithile zezokwelapha zingaphakamisa ubungozi be umdlavuza we-pancreatic:

• Isifo sikashukela: Isifo sikashukela esisuku, ikakhulukazi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela 2, sihlotshaniswa nengozi ephezulu. Ngabe ngabe ushukela uyimbangela noma uphawu lokuqala lwe umdlavuza we-pancreatic isaphenywa.
• I-pancreatitis engapheli: Ukuvuvukala kwesikhathi eside kwama-pancreas kungakhulisa ubungozi, ikakhulukazi kubantu abane-pancreatitis eyifa.
• Umlando Womndeni: Ukuba nomlando womndeni we umdlavuza we-pancreatic kwandisa ingozi yakho, ikakhulukazi uma izihlobo eziningi eziseduze zithintekile. Lokhu kungakhombisa ubukhona bezakhi zofuzo ezizuzwe njengefa.
• Iminyaka: Ingozi ye umdlavuza we-pancreatic inyuka ngeminyaka. Amanani amaningi atholakala kubantu abaneminyaka yobudala engama-65.
• Umjaho: Abantu baseMelika base-Afrika banengozi ephakeme kakhulu yokuthuthuka umdlavuza we-pancreatic qhathanisa nabaseCaucasians. Izizathu zalokhu kuhlukaniswa aziqondakali ngokuphelele kepha zingafaka izici zofuzo, kwezenhlalo kanye nezinto zokuphila.

Izici ezingejwayelekile zobungozi

Ngenkathi kuncane kakhulu, lezi zinto zingaba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe umdlavuza we-pancreatic:

• Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali athile: Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside sokubulala izinambuzane, udayi, namakhemikhali asetshenziswa ekusebenzeni kwensimbi kungakhulisa ubungozi.
• I-Helicobacter Pylori (H. Pylori) Ukutheleleka: Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuxhumana okungenzeka phakathi H. Pylori ukutheleleka, okungadala izilonda zesisu, kanye nengozi eyandayo ye umdlavuza we-pancreatic.
• Isifo se-Cirrhosis: I-Cirrhosis, noma ukushayisana kwesibindi, kungakhulisa ubungozi.

-Ithini Umdlavuza we-pancreatic vimbela?

Ngenkathi ayikho indlela eqinisekisiwe yokuvimbela umdlavuza we-pancreatic, ungathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ubungozi bakho ngokugxila ezintweni eziguqukayo engcupheni:

• Yekani ukubhema: Le nto ebaluleke kunazo zonke ongayenza ukunciphisa ingozi yakho.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo: Yidla ukudla okulinganiselayo nokuzivocavoca umzimba njalo ukuze ulondoloze isisindo esinempilo.
• Khawulela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala: Uma uphuza utshwala, yenza kanjalo ngokulinganisela.
• Phatha isifo sikashukela: Sebenza nodokotela wakho ukuphatha ushukela wakho ngempumelelo.
• Bheka ukwelulekwa ngofuzo: Uma unomlando womndeni oqinile we umdlavuza we-pancreatic noma umdlavuza ohlobene, cabanga ngokwelulekwa ngofuzo ukuze uhlole ubungozi bakho.

Ukucwaninga nokwakha okusha eShandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute

E- I-Shandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute, sizinikezele ekuthuthukiseni ukuqonda nokwelashwa komdlavuza, kufaka phakathi umdlavuza we-pancreatic. Ucwaningo lwethu lugxile ekuboneni okuhlosiwe kwenoveli yokwelapha, ukuthuthukisa amathuluzi okuxilonga amasha, kanye nokwenza ngcono imiphumela yeziguli. Sizibophezele ekuhumusheni ukuhumusha ucwaningo onqenqemeni lwezicelo ezisebenzayo ezizuzisa iziguli emhlabeni jikelele. Ithimba lethu lochwepheshe lisebenza ngokungakhathali ukuhlola ubunzima be-RACER Biology futhi bathuthukise izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ngalesi sifo esinzima. Sikholwa ukuthi ngocwaningo lokusebenzisana nokuzinikela ekususweni okusha, singenza umthelela omkhulu ekulweni ne umdlavuza we-pancreatic.

Ukuqonda ubungozi bakho nokufuna izeluleko zezokwelashwa

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuba nokuba nengozi eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwengozi akusho ukuthi nakanjani uzothuthukisa umdlavuza we-pancreatic. Abantu abaningi abanezici zobungozi abaze basitholele lesi sifo, kanti abanye abanazo izici ezaziwayo zengozi ezenzayo. Uma ukhathazekile ngengozi yakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Bangahlola izici zakho zobungozi obuthile futhi bancome ukuhlolwa okufanele noma amasu okuqapha. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi nokuxilongwa kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni imiphumela ku umdlavuza we-pancreatic ukwelashwa.

Izindlela Zokuxilonga

Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi umdlavuza we-pancreatic kubalulekile ukwenza ngcono imiphumela yokwelashwa. Izindlela eziningana zokuxilonga ziqashwa ukuthola futhi zite Isifo:

• Ukuhlolwa kokucabanga:
  • I-CT SCAN (I-Compled Comography): Ihlinzeka ngezithombe ezinemininingwane ye-cross-purson yama-pancreas kanye nezitho ezizungezile, ukusiza ukukhomba ama-tumors.
  • I-MRI (I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Isebenzisa amasimu kazibuthe namagagasi omsakazo ukudala izithombe ezinemininingwane yama-pancreas futhi kungaba wusizo ekutholeni ama-tumors amancane.
  • I-endoscopic ultrasound (eus): Kubandakanya ukufaka ishubhu elincanyana, eliguqukayo elinesici se-ultrasound esinamathiselwe kwi-esophagus ukubona ngeso lengqondo amanyikwe. I-EUS nayo ingasetshenziswa ukuqoqa amasampula wezicubu nge-biopsy.
  • I-PET SCAN (I-Positron Emi: I-Positron Emi: Imvamisa esetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa ne-CT SCAN ukuthola amaseli womdlavuza emzimbeni wonke.
• I-Biopsy:
  • Isifiso esihle senaliti (FNA): Inaliti emincane ifakwa kuma-pancreas ukuqoqa amaseli ukuze ihlaziywe.
  • Biopsy okuhlinza: Kubandakanya ukususa ngokuhlinzwa isampula yezicubu ezivela kumanyikwe ukuze ihlolwe. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa lapho ezinye izindlela zingenzeka noma ziphethwe.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi:
  • OMAKHODI WESITOLO: Izinto ezithile, ezinjenge-ca 19-9, ziphakeme kwabanye abantu abane umdlavuza we-pancreatic. Kodwa-ke, lezi zimaki azihlali zinembile futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa ngokubambisana nezinye izivivinyo zokuxilonga.

Izinketho zokwelashwa

Ukwelashwa umdlavuza we-pancreatic Kuya ngesigaba nendawo yomdlavuza, kanye nempilo yesiguli yonke. Izinketho zokwelashwa ezijwayelekile zifaka:

• Ukuhlinzwa:
  • Inqubo YoShrepple (PancreaticodueneEctomy): Kubandakanya ukususa inhloko yamanyikwe, ingxenye yamathumbu amancane, i-gallbladder, nengxenye yesisu.
  • I-PanCreatectomy edakayo: Ukususwa komsila nengxenye yomzimba wamanyikwe.
  • I-Total PanCreatectomy: Ukususwa kwawo wonke amanyikwe. Lokhu akujwayelekile kepha kungadingeka kwezinye izimo.
• I-Chemotherapy:
  • Sebenzisa izidakamizwa ukubulala amaseli omdlavuza noma wehlise ukukhula kwazo. I-Chemotherapy ingasetshenziswa ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, noma njengokuphathwa okuyisisekelo uma ukuhlinzwa kungeyona inketho.
• Ukwelashwa kwemisebe:
  • Sebenzisa imisebe yamandla aphezulu ukubulala amaseli womdlavuza. Ukwelashwa kwemisebe kungasetshenziswa ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, noma ukwelashwa okuyinhloko.
• Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe:
  • Kusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezibhekise ama-molecule athile athintekayo ekukhuleni kweseli yomdlavuza kanye nokusinda.
• I-ImmunoSatherapy:
  • Isiza amasosha omzimba womzimba alwe nomdlavuza wamaseli. I-ImmunoSatherapy ayisetshenziselwa ukuvame ukusetshenziswa umdlavuza we-pancreatic Kepha kungenzeka kube yinketho kwezinye izimo.

Amanani okusinda

Amanani okusinda umdlavuza we-pancreatic ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngesigaba sokuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa okutholakele. Ukutholwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni imiphumela yokusinda. Ngokusho komphakathi we-American Cancer Society, isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu sokusinda sakhiwe umdlavuza we-pancreatic (umdlavuza ongakaze usakaze ngaphandle kwama-pancreas) cishe ama-44%. Kodwa-ke, cishe i-12% ye umdlavuza we-pancreatic Amacala atholakala kulesi sigaba. Ngomdlavuza osabalale ezithweni eziseduze noma izicubu, isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu sokusinda cishe singama-12%. Ngomdlavuza oye wasakaza ezingxenyeni ezikude zomzimba, isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu yokusinda cishe singama-3%. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi eShandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute kukhulisa isilinganiso sokusinda.

Lezi zinombolo zilinganiselwa futhi zingahluka ngokuya ngezimo ngazinye. Kubalulekile ukudingida udokotela wakho nodokotela wakho ukuqonda isimo sakho esithile.

Ucwaningo oluqhubekayo

Abaphenyi basebenza njalo ukuthuthukisa ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwe umdlavuza we-pancreatic. Izindawo zocwaningo eziqhubekayo zifaka:

• Ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha nezisebenzayo kakhudlwana, kufaka phakathi izindlela zokwelapha ezihlosiwe kanye nama-accunotherapies.
• Ukuhlonza ama-biomarkers ukuthola ukutholwa kwangaphambili nokuqonda.
• Ukuqonda isisekelo sofuzo nesimomusi umdlavuza we-pancreatic.
• Ukwenza ngcono amasu okuhlinza.

Ukugcina

Ukuqonda amandla Umdlavuza we-pancreatic Futhi izici zobungozi zikunika amandla okwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi ngempilo yakho. Ngenkathi ezinye izici zobungozi, ezinjengezakhi zofuzo, zingaphezu kwamandla akho, zamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo futhi zisebenza kahle nodokotela wakho anganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho. Ososayensi nodokotela eShandong Bandong Baccedence Research Institute bazinikele ekuthuthukiseni ukuqonda kwe umdlavuza we-pancreatic kanye nokwakha izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo. Hlala unolwazi, ubeke phambili impilo yakho, futhi uthintane nabachwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze uthole ukuholwa komuntu uqobo.

Ukuzikhulula: Lo mbhalo unikeza imininingwane ejwayelekile futhi akufanele uthathwe njengeseluleko sezokwelapha. Thintana nochwepheshe wezempilo ofanelekayo wokuqondisa komuntu kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa.

Imithombo:

1. I-American Cancer Society: www.canser.org
2. I-National Cancer Institute: www.canser.gov
3. Inethiwekhi Yesenzo Somdlavuza Pancreatic: www.pancan.org