Nkag siab txog Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Cancer Pancreatic: Phau Ntawv Qhia Kom Paub 

Kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev tshawb pom ntxov thiab kev kuaj mob ntawm tus kab mob nyuaj no. Kev xaiv qhov tsim nyog kuaj nyob ntawm tus kheej muaj feem cuam tshuam, cov tsos mob, thiab theem ntawm kev mob qog noj ntshav. Phau ntawv qhia no muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntau yam kuaj mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic, lawv lub hom phiaj, thiab xav tau dab tsi.

Yog vim li cas Kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic Tseem ceeb?

Mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic feem ntau kuaj tau nyob rau theem lig vim tias cov tsos mob ntxov tuaj yeem tsis meej thiab yooj yim yuam kev rau lwm yam mob. Qhov kev kuaj mob lig no cuam tshuam rau kev kho mob thiab kev kwv yees. Yog li ntawd, kev nkag siab muaj kuaj mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic thiab thaum lawv xav tau yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj xyuas kev noj qab haus huv.

Leej twg yuav tsum xav txog Kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic?

Thaum niaj hnub soj ntsuam rau mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic feem ntau tsis pom zoo rau cov pej xeem, qee cov tib neeg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau ntxiv yuav tsum sib tham txog cov kev sim tshuaj nrog lawv cov kws kho mob. Risk yam muaj xws li:

• Tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic
• Qee yam kab mob caj ces, xws li BRCA1/2 kev hloov pauv, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, Lynch syndrome, thiab tsev neeg atypical ntau mole melanoma (FAMMM) syndrome
• Mob pancreatitis ntev
• Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog mob ntshav qab zib tshiab hauv cov laus)
• Kev rog rog
• Kev haus luam yeeb

Hom ntawm Kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic

Ntau qhov sib txawv kuaj siv tau los pab kuaj mob mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic. Cov no kuaj tuaj yeem muab categorized rau hauv cov duab kuaj, ntshav kuaj, thiab cov txheej txheem biopsy.

Kev kuaj duab

Kev yees duab kuaj muab cov duab sawv cev ntawm cov txiav thiab cov kab mob nyob ib puag ncig, pab cov kws kho mob txheeb xyuas qhov txawv txav xws li qog nqaij hlav.

Xaj Tomography (CT) Scan

CT scan siv X-rays los tsim cov duab sib luag ntawm lub cev. Nws feem ntau yog thawj daim duab xeem siv los ntsuas qhov xav tau mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic. CT scans tuaj yeem pab txiav txim qhov loj thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov qog, nrog rau seb nws puas tau kis mus rau cov kab mob nyob ze lossis cov hlab ntsha.

Sib nqus Resonance Imaging (MRI)

MRI siv cov hlau nplaum muaj zog thiab cov xov tooj cua tsis zoo los tsim cov duab ntxaws ntawm lub cev. MRI tuaj yeem muab cov duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov txiav thiab cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig dua li CT scans, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ntsuas cov hlab ntsha nyob ib ncig ntawm lub txiav. Cov txheej txheem MRI tshwj xeeb, zoo li MRCP (Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography), tsom mus rau cov kua tsib thiab cov kab mob pancreatic.

Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS)

EUS muab cov tshuaj endoscopy thiab ultrasound los muab cov duab zoo ntawm cov txiav. Ib lub raj nyias nyias nrog kev sojntsuam ultrasound tau dhau los ntawm lub qhov ncauj lossis qhov quav mus rau hauv lub plab zom mov. EUS tso cai rau kev pom ze ze ntawm lub txiav thiab tuaj yeem siv tau kom tau txais cov ntaub so ntswg kuaj (biopsies) rau kev tshuaj xyuas ntxiv. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij ntawm Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute paub, qhov kev sim no tseem ceeb heev.

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan

PET scan siv lub xov tooj cua tracer los kuaj xyuas thaj chaw ntawm kev ua haujlwm metabolic hauv lub cev, uas tuaj yeem qhia tau tias mob qog noj ntshav. PET scans feem ntau ua ke nrog CT scans (PET / CT) los muab ob qho tib si anatomical thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm. PET / CT scans yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pab tau rau kev kuaj pom kev sib kis mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev.

Kev kuaj ntshav

Ntshav kuaj tuaj yeem ntes tau qee yam tshuaj uas nce siab hauv qee tus neeg nrog mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic. Txawm li cas los xij, ntshav kuaj ib leeg tsis tuaj yeem kuaj tau mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic thiab feem ntau yog siv ua ke nrog cov duab kuaj.

CA 19-9

CA 19-9 yog ib hom qog nqaij hlav uas feem ntau ua rau cov neeg muaj mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem nce siab hauv lwm yam mob, xws li kab mob pancreatitis thiab cov kab mob hauv lub cev. Yog li ntawd, CA 19-9 tsis yog ib qho kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas xeem rau mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic, tab sis nws tuaj yeem pab tau hauv kev saib xyuas cov lus teb kho mob thiab kuaj xyuas qhov rov tshwm sim dua. Raws li American Cancer Society, kwv yees li 80% ntawm cov neeg muaj mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic tau nce qib ntawm CA 19-9.¹

Bilirubin

Bilirubin yog ib yam khoom tsim los ntawm lub siab. Kev nce qib ntawm bilirubin hauv cov ntshav tuaj yeem qhia tau tias muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kua tsib, uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic. Cov ntshav bilirubin xeem feem ntau ua tau yog tias ib tug neeg muaj jaundice (daj ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab ob lub qhov muag), ib qho tsos mob ntawm mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic.

Liver Function Tests (LFTs)

LFTs ntsuas cov qib ntawm ntau yam enzymes thiab cov proteins hauv cov ntshav uas tsim los ntawm lub siab. Cov txiaj ntsig LFT txawv txav tuaj yeem qhia tau tias daim siab puas lossis ua haujlwm tsis zoo, uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic uas tau kis mus rau lub siab.

Biopsy

Biopsy yog tib txoj hauv kev kom paub meej tias kev kuaj mob mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic. Thaum kuaj biopsy, ib qho qauv me me ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg raug tshem tawm ntawm lub txiav thiab kuaj xyuas hauv lub tshuab ntsuas. Biopsies tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev, suav nrog:

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration (EUS-FNA)

EUS-FNA yog ib txoj kev ua kom tsawg kawg nkaus uas ib rab koob tau dhau los ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub plab lossis duodenum, coj los ntawm ultrasound, kom tau txais cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm tus txiav.

Percutaneous Biopsy

Ib qho percutaneous biopsy suav nrog kev ntxig ib rab koob los ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab rau hauv lub txiav kom tau txais cov qauv ntaub so ntswg. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau ua raws li CT lossis ultrasound kev taw qhia.

Kev phais Biopsy

Kev phais biopsy yuav ua rau kev phais hauv plab kom ncaj qha pom lub txiav thiab tau txais cov qauv ntaub so ntswg. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau yog ua thaum lwm txoj kev kuaj ntshav biopsy tsis ua tau lossis tsis muaj kev kuaj mob.

Yuav Tau Txais Dab Tsi Thaum Lub Sijhawm Kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic

Qhov kev paub dhau los kuaj mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb xeem ua. Ntawm no yog cov ntsiab lus dav dav ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau muaj:

Ua ntej Kev Xeem

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav muab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb txog kev npaj rau txhua qhov xeem. Qhov no yuav suav nrog kev yoo mov rau qee lub sijhawm, zam qee yam tshuaj, lossis haus cov tshuaj sib txawv tshwj xeeb. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws li cov lus qhia no ua tib zoo xyuas kom meej xeem tshwm sim.

Thaum lub sij hawm xeem

Feem ntau cov duab kuaj tsis mob, txawm tias qee tus tuaj yeem koom nrog lub sijhawm luv ntawm kev tsis xis nyob lossis kev ntxhov siab. Biopsies tuaj yeem ua rau qee qhov mob lossis tsis xis nyob, tab sis koj tus kws kho mob feem ntau yuav muab tshuaj loog hauv zos kom txo qis qhov mob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lub koom haum ua qhov kev xeem yog qhov zoo. Koj tuaj yeem xav tshawb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv txog Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute kom tau txais qee cov ntaub ntawv.

Tom qab Kev Xeem

Tom qab lub xeem, koj tuaj yeem ntsib qee qhov kev mob tshwm sim me me, xws li xeev siab, qaug zog, lossis mob ntawm qhov chaw biopsy. Cov kev mob tshwm sim no feem ntau yog ib ntus thiab daws lawv tus kheej. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav muab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb txog kev saib xyuas koj tus kheej li cas tom qab xeem thiab thaum twg yuav tau txais cov txiaj ntsig.

Txhais lus Pancreatic Cancer Test Cov txiaj ntsig

Kev txhais ntawm kuaj mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic Cov txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem yog qhov nyuaj thiab xav tau kev tshaj lij ntawm tus kws kho mob tsim nyog. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tham txog koj xeem nrog koj tus kws kho mob kom nkag siab tias lawv txhais li cas thiab cov kauj ruam tom ntej yuav tsum yog dab tsi.

False Positives thiab False Negatives

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias kuaj mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic yeej tsis yog 100% tseeb. Cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo (kuaj uas qhia tias mob qog noj ntshav thaum nws tsis nyob) thiab cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo (kuaj uas tsis kuaj mob qog noj ntshav thaum nws muaj) tuaj yeem tshwm sim.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua raws

Yog koj kuaj mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic Cov txiaj ntsig yog qhov txawv txav, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo ntxiv kuaj kom paub meej lossis txiav txim tawm qhov kev kuaj mob mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic. Qhov no yuav suav nrog cov duab ntxiv kuaj, biopsies, lossis kev sab laj nrog cov kws tshaj lij.

Lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm Kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic

Kev tshawb fawb tseem tab tom tsim kho tshiab thiab muaj tseeb dua kuaj mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic. Cov no suav nrog:

• Ua kua biopsies: Cov no kuaj txheeb xyuas cov ntshav kuaj rau cov qog hlwb los yog DNA tawg uas tau los ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer.
• Txhim kho cov tswv yim pom zoo: Cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom tsim cov txheej txheem tshiab uas tuaj yeem kuaj pom cov qog me me thiab sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob benign thiab malignant.
• Biomarker discovery: Cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom ua haujlwm los txheeb xyuas cov biomarkers tshiab uas tuaj yeem siv los kuaj xyuas mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic thaum ntxov.

Cov ntaub ntawv no yog npaj rau kev paub dav dav thiab cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm nkaus xwb, thiab tsis yog cov lus qhia kho mob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob uas tsim nyog rau txhua yam kev txhawj xeeb txog kev noj qab haus huv lossis ua ntej txiav txim siab txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv lossis kev kho mob.

1. American Cancer Society. (n.d.). Cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob ntawm Pancreatic Cancer. Rov qab los ntawm https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/pancreatic-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-and-symptoms.html