Pancreas Cancer: Kev nkag siab, kev kuaj mob, thiab kev xaiv kho 

Pancreas cancer Nws yog ib qho kab mob uas ua rau cov qog nqaij hlav hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub txiav, ib lub cev nyob tom qab lub plab. Kev kuaj pom ntxov yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kho kom zoo. Kab lus no muab cov ntsiab lus dav dav ntawm mob qog noj ntshav, suav nrog nws cov laj thawj, cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, thiab ntau yam kev kho mob, suav nrog kev xaiv phais mob, kws khomob, kev kho hluav taws xob, thiab kev kho mob.

Kev nkag siab Pancreas Cancer

Lub pancreas yog lub caj pas uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev zom zaub mov thiab tswj ntshav qab zib. Nws tsim cov enzymes uas pab zom cov zaub mov thiab cov tshuaj hormones xws li insulin uas tswj cov piam thaj. Pancreas cancer tshwm sim thaum cov hlwb hauv pancreas loj hlob uncontrollably, tsim cov qog. Cov qog no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm pancreas thiab kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev.

Hom ntawm Pancreas Cancer

Hom ntau tshaj ntawm mob qog noj ntshav yog adenocarcinoma, uas tshwm sim los ntawm exocrine hlwb uas tsim cov enzymes digestive. Cov hom tsis tshua muaj xws li cov qog hlwb neuroendocrine (NETs), uas tsim los ntawm cov hlwb tsim cov tshuaj hormones. NETs feem ntau muaj kev pom zoo dua li adenocarcinomas. Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute tsom mus rau kev tshawb fawb txog kev kho mob rau ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav, suav nrog cov kev hloov pauv tsis tshua muaj xws li qog nqaij hlav neuroendocrine.

Risk Factors rau Pancreas Cancer

Ntau yam tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev loj hlob mob qog noj ntshav, suav nrog:

• Kev haus luam yeeb: Kev haus luam yeeb yog ib qho kev pheej hmoo tseem ceeb, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm ob mus rau peb zaug.
• Kev rog rog: Kev rog rog lossis rog rog yog txuam nrog kev pheej hmoo siab dua.
• Ntshav Qab Zib: Cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hom 2, muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntxiv.
• Mob pancreatitis ntev: Kev mob ntev ntev ntawm tus txiav tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo.
• Tsev Neeg Keeb Kwm: Tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm mob qog noj ntshav los yog qee yam kab mob caj ces tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo.
• Hnub nyoog: Qhov kev pheej hmoo yuav nce ntxiv nrog lub hnub nyoog, nrog rau feem ntau cov mob tau kuaj pom tom qab hnub nyoog 60 xyoo.
• Qee yam kab mob caj ces: Cov xwm txheej zoo li kab mob pancreatitis, Lynch syndrome, thiab BRCA hloov pauv.

Paub cov tsos mob ntawm Pancreas Cancer

Hauv nws cov theem pib, mob qog noj ntshav feem ntau tsis ua kom pom cov tsos mob. Thaum lub qog loj hlob tuaj, nws tuaj yeem ua rau:

• Jaundice: Yellowing ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab ob lub qhov muag, feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm cov kua tsib.
• Abdominal Pain: Mob nyob rau hauv lub plab mog sab sauv uas yuav tawm mus rau sab nraum qab.
• Poob Poob: Unexplained yuag poob.
• Poob qab los noj mov: Xav tias tag nrho sai lossis tsis xav noj.
• Nausea thiab ntuav: Ua los ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub plab.
• Kev hloov hauv plab hnyuv: raws plab lossis cem quav.
• Mob Ntshav Qab Zib: Cov ntshav qab zib tshiab pib lossis nyuaj tswj cov ntshav qab zib uas twb muaj lawm.

Kev kuaj mob Pancreas Cancer

Yog mob qog noj ntshav yog xav tias muaj ntau yam kev ntsuam xyuas yuav ua tau kom paub meej tias qhov kev kuaj mob thiab txiav txim siab theem ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav. Cov kev xeem no yuav suav nrog:

• Kev kuaj lub cev thiab keeb kwm: Tus kws kho mob yuav nug txog koj cov tsos mob, keeb kwm kev kho mob, thiab kev pheej hmoo.
• Kev kuaj duab:
  • CT Scan: Muab cov duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov txiav thiab cov kab mob ib puag ncig.
  • MRI: Siv cov khoom sib nqus los tsim cov duab ntawm lub txiav.
  • Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS): Siv lub endoscope nrog kev sojntsuam ultrasound kom pom cov txiav txiav thiab tau txais cov qauv ntaub so ntswg.
• Biopsy: Ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg yog muab los ntawm cov txiav txiav thiab tshuaj xyuas hauv lub tshuab kuaj kab mob kom paub meej tias muaj cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav thaum lub sijhawm EUS lossis kev phais.
• Kev kuaj ntshav: Kev kuaj ntshav tuaj yeem ntsuas qib ntawm qee yam tshuaj, xws li CA 19-9, uas tuaj yeem nce siab hauv cov neeg mob. mob qog noj ntshav. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev ntsuam xyuas no tsis yog ib txwm muaj tseeb thiab tuaj yeem nce siab hauv lwm yam mob.

Kev kho mob xaiv rau Pancreas Cancer

Kev kho mob rau mob qog noj ntshav nyob ntawm theem thiab qhov chaw ntawm tus mob qog noj ntshav, nrog rau tus neeg mob txoj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho. Cov kev xaiv yuav suav nrog:

Kev phais

Kev phais yog thawj txoj kev kho mob rau recectable mob qog noj ntshav, txhais tau tias cov qog tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm tag nrho. Hom kev phais nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub qog:

• Cov txheej txheem Whipple (Pancreaticoduodenectomy): Qhov kev phais nyuaj no suav nrog tshem lub taub hau ntawm lub txiav, ib feem ntawm txoj hnyuv me, lub gallbladder, thiab ib feem ntawm cov kua tsib. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau cov qog nqaij hlav hauv lub taub hau ntawm tus txiav.
• Distal Pancreatectomy: Qhov kev phais no yog tshem tawm tus Tsov tus tw ntawm tus txiav, thiab qee zaum tus po. Nws yog siv rau cov qog nqaij hlav hauv tus Tsov tus tw ntawm tus txiav.
• Tag Nrho Pancreatectomy: Qhov no suav nrog tshem tawm tag nrho cov txiav txiav, uas tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim vim muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev zom zaub mov thiab kev tswj ntshav qab zib.

Tshuaj kho mob

Tshuaj kho mob siv tshuaj tua kab mob qog noj ntshav. Nws tuaj yeem siv ua ntej lossis tom qab kev phais, lossis ua thawj txoj kev kho mob rau qib siab mob qog noj ntshav. Cov tshuaj chemotherapy uas siv los kho mob qog noj ntshav suav nrog gemcitabine, paclitaxel, thiab fluorouracil (5-FU).

Kev kho hluav taws xob

Kev kho hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob muaj zog los tua cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Nws tuaj yeem siv los txo cov qog ua ntej kev phais, tua cov qog nqaij hlav cancer ntxiv tom qab kev phais, lossis txo cov tsos mob ntawm kev mob siab heev mob qog noj ntshav. Sab nraud beam hluav taws xob kho yog hom kev siv hluav taws xob ntau tshaj plaws siv rau mob qog noj ntshav.

Hom Kev Kho Mob

Targeted therapy tshuaj tsom cov molecules tshwj xeeb koom nrog hauv kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer thiab kev ciaj sia. Cov tshuaj no yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv tej yam mob qog noj ntshav uas muaj kev hloov pauv caj ces. Piv txwv li, olaparib yog PARP inhibitor uas yuav siv tau rau cov neeg mob uas muaj kev hloov pauv BRCA.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy pab lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob. Nws tsis yog feem ntau siv rau mob qog noj ntshav tab sis tau raug tshawb xyuas hauv kev sim tshuaj. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xws li pembrolizumab (Keytruda) tej zaum yuav muaj txiaj ntsig nyob rau hauv tsawg zaus ntawm MSI-siab. mob qog noj ntshav.

Palliative Care

Kev kho mob Palliative tsom mus rau kev txo cov tsos mob thiab txhim kho lub neej zoo rau cov neeg uas muaj qib siab mob qog noj ntshav. Nws tuaj yeem suav nrog kev tswj kev mob, kev txhawb nqa khoom noj khoom haus, thiab txhawb kev xav. Palliative care tuaj yeem muab tau ntawm txhua theem ntawm mob qog noj ntshav.

Nyob nrog Pancreas Cancer

Nyob nrog mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem nyuaj, ob qho tib si lub cev thiab kev xav. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj kev txhawb nqa muaj zog, suav nrog tsev neeg, phooj ywg, thiab cov kws kho mob. Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute muab cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov kev xaiv kho mob, thov sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob. Pab pawg txhawb nqa thiab kev tawm tswv yim kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab daws cov teeb meem ntawm mob qog noj ntshav.

Kev txhawb nqa zaub mov kuj tseem ceeb heev rau cov neeg muaj mob qog noj ntshav. Lub pancreas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev zom zaub mov, thiab kev kho mob feem ntau tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lub peev xwm zom zaub mov kom raug. Ua haujlwm nrog tus kws kho mob sau npe tuaj yeem pab tswj cov teeb meem digestive thiab xyuas kom muaj zaub mov txaus.

Prognosis rau Pancreas Cancer

Prognosis rau mob qog noj ntshav Nws txawv nyob ntawm theem ntawm tus mob qog noj ntshav, tus neeg mob qhov kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho, thiab kev kho mob tau txais. Kev tshawb pom ntxov thiab kev kho mob yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho txoj hauv kev muaj sia nyob. Raws li American Cancer Society, 5-xyoo kev ciaj sia nyob rau hauv zos mob qog noj ntshav yog li 44%, thaum 5-xyoo ciaj sia taus tus nqi rau siab heev mob qog noj ntshav uas tau kis mus rau cov nruab nrog cev nyob deb yog li ntawm 3%. [1]

Clinical Trials rau Pancreas Cancer

Kev sim tshuaj yog cov kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb uas tshawb xyuas cov kev kho tshiab rau mob qog noj ntshav. Kev koom nrog hauv kev sim tshuaj yuav muab kev nkag mus rau cov kev kho mob uas tseem tsis tau muaj dav. Yog tias koj xav paub ntxiv txog kev sim tshuaj rau mob qog noj ntshav, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham lossis nrhiav kev sim ntawm National Cancer Institute lub vev xaib. [2]

Cov ntsiab lus

Pancreas cancer yog ib yam kab mob loj uas yuav tsum tau kuaj thiab kho sai. Kev nkag siab txog cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai, cov tsos mob, thiab cov kev xaiv kho mob tuaj yeem pab cov tib neeg txiav txim siab paub txog lawv txoj kev saib xyuas. Kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv thiab kev nce qib hauv kev kho mob yog txhim kho kev pom zoo rau cov neeg muaj mob qog noj ntshav.

Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tseem Ceeb thiab Cov Ntaub Ntawv

[1] American Cancer Society: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/pancreatic-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/survival-rates.html

[2] National Cancer Institute: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/clinical-trials