Nnyefe ọgwụ mpaghara maka ọrịa kansa: ntuziaka zuru oke 

Nnyefe ọgwụ mpaghara maka ọrịa kansa bụ ụzọ ọgwụgwọ na-etinye uche ọgwụ ozugbo na saịtị etuto ahụ. Usoro a na-achọ ịkwalite ịdị irè ọgwụgwọ ka ọ na-ebelata mmetụta nke sistemu na-ejikọta ya na chemotherapy ọdịnala.

Okwu mmalite nke nnyefe ọgwụ mpaghara

Ọgwụgwọ ọrịa kansa ọdịnala dị ka chemotherapy na-agụnyekarị nchịkwa ọgwụ sistemụ, nke pụtara na ọgwụ na-aga n'ime ahụ dum. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ dị irè n'ịchụso mkpụrụ ndụ cancer, ụzọ a nwekwara ike imerụ mkpụrụ ndụ ahụ ike, na-ebute mmetụta dị ukwuu. Mbufe ọgwụ na mpaghara maka ọrịa kansa na-enye ụzọ ezubere iche karịa, na-ebuga ọgwụ ozugbo na saịtị etuto ahụ.

Usoro a nwere ike ịgụnye usoro dị iche iche, gụnyere:

• Ngwunye ọgwụ ozugbo n'ime etuto ahụ.
• Ndokwa ihe ntinye ma ọ bụ wafers na-ekpochapụ ọgwụ.
• Iji nanoparticles ezubere iche na-ebuga ọgwụ kpọmkwem na mkpụrụ ndụ kansa.
• Chemotherapy mpaghara, ebe a na-enye ọgwụ n'otu akụkụ ahụ nke nwere etuto ahụ.

Uru nke ibunye ọgwụ na mpaghara

Mbufe ọgwụ na mpaghara maka ọrịa kansa na-enye ọtụtụ uru dị mkpa karịa usoro ọgwụgwọ usoro:

• Mmetụta Mbelata: Site n'itinye ọgwụ ahụ na saịtị tumor, a na-ebelata ikpughe n'anụ ahụ dị mma, na-eduga ná mmetụta dị ntakịrị ma dị ntakịrị.
• Mmụba ntinye ọgwụ na Tumor: Mbufe mpaghara nwere ike nweta mkpokọta ọgwụ dị elu n'ime etuto ahụ, nwere ike melite nrụpụta ọgwụgwọ.
• Ndụ onye ọrịa emelitere: Mbelata mmetụta na nsonaazụ ọgwụgwọ dị mma nwere ike ime ka ndụ onye ọrịa dịkwuo mma n'oge ọgwụgwọ ọrịa cancer.
• Enwere ike maka ọgwụgwọ ngwakọta: Enwere ike ijikọ nnyefe mpaghara na usoro ọgwụgwọ ndị ọzọ, dị ka ịwa ahụ, ọgwụgwọ radieshon, na chemotherapy sistemu, iji nweta mmetụta synergistic.

Usoro maka nnyefe ọgwụ mpaghara

A na-eji ọtụtụ usoro eme ihe nnyefe ọgwụ mpaghara maka ọrịa kansa, nke ọ bụla nwere uru na oke nke ya:

Ịgba ọgwụ ozugbo

Nke a gụnyere ịgbanye ọgwụ ahụ ozugbo n'ime etuto ahụ. Ọ bụ usoro dị mfe ma dị ọnụ ala nke dabara adaba maka etuto nwere ike ịnweta. Enwere ike iji ntuziaka Ultrasound ma ọ bụ CT iji hụ na ntinye ziri ezi. Ọmụmaatụ gụnyere ịgba ọgwụ nje oncolytic ma ọ bụ ọgwụ chemotherapeutic.

Mkponye na Wafers na-ekpochapụ ọgwụ

A na-akụnye ngwaọrụ ndị a ozugbo n'ime ma ọ bụ n'akụkụ akpụ ahụ. Ha na-ahapụ ọgwụ ahụ nwayọọ nwayọọ ka oge na-aga, na-enye mmetụta ọgwụgwọ na-adịgide adịgide. Gliadel^? wafers, nke nwere carmustine (BCNU), bụ ihe atụ a ma ama nke a na-eji eme ihe mgbe ịwachara ahụ nke ụbụrụ ụbụrụ.

Ihe nanoparticles

Nanoparticles bụ ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị e mere iji nyefee ọgwụ kpọmkwem na mkpụrụ ndụ kansa. Enwere ike imezi ha ka ha lekwasịrị anya akara nrịbama na mkpụrụ ndụ kansa, na-eme ka mkpokọta ọgwụ na-abawanye na saịtị etuto ahụ yana ibelata mmetụta ndị na-enweghị isi. A na-ejikarị liposomes, nanoparticles polymeric, na metal nanoparticles eme ihe.

Chemotherapy mpaghara

Nke a gụnyere ibuga ọgwụ chemotherapy n'otu mpaghara ahụ nwere etuto ahụ. Ọmụmaatụ gụnyere:

• Infusion akwara imeju (HAI): A na-eji agwọ ọrịa kansa imeju site na ibuga chemotherapy ozugbo na imeju site na akwara imeju.
• Chemotherapy intraperitoneal (IP): A na-eji agwọ ọrịa kansa ovarian site na ibuga chemotherapy ozugbo n'ime oghere afọ.
• Mmasị n'akụkụ dịpụrụ adịpụ (ILP): A na-eji agwọ ọrịa melanoma na sarcoma nke akụkụ ahụ site n'iwepụ mgbasa nke akụkụ ahụ yana ibuga ọgwụ chemotherapy dị elu ozugbo na mpaghara ọ metụtara.

Ọmụmaatụ nke nnyefe ọgwụ mpaghara na ọgwụgwọ ọrịa kansa

Mbufe ọgwụ na mpaghara maka ọrịa kansa a na-eji na-agwọ ụdị ọrịa cancer dị iche iche. Nke a bụ ọmụmaatụ ole na ole:

Ụbụrụ Tumor

Gliadel^? A na-akụnye wafers n'ụbụrụ ka e wepụrụ gliomas dị elu. Wafers ndị a na-ahapụ carmustine (BCNU), ọgwụ chemotherapy, n'ime oghere ịwa ahụ, na-egbu mkpụrụ ndụ kansa ọ bụla fọdụrụnụ. Nnyocha e bipụtara na *Journal of Clinical Oncology* gosiri na Gliadel^? wafers mere ka ndụ dịkwuo mma na ndị ọrịa nwere gliomas dị elu achọpụtara ọhụrụ.¹

Ọrịa imeju

Infusion akwara imeju (HAI) bụ usoro chemotherapy mpaghara eji agwọ ọrịa kansa imeju. Ọ gụnyere ibuga ọgwụ chemotherapy ozugbo na imeju site na akwara imeju, bụ isi arịa ọbara na-enye imeju. Nke a na-enye ohere maka mkpokọta ọgwụ dị elu ka ọ ruo etuto ahụ ka ọ na-ebelata mmetụta nke usoro. Nnyocha e mere egosiwo na HAI nwere ike imeziwanye ndụ na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa cancer imeju na-adịghị edozi. Ndị ọkachamara na Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute jiri usoro a nke ukwuu.

Ọrịa Ovarian

Intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IP) bụ usoro chemotherapy mpaghara eji agwọ ọrịa cancer ovarian. Ọ na-agụnye ibunye ọgwụ chemotherapy ozugbo n'ime oghere afọ, ebe ọrịa cancer ovarian na-agbasakarị. Nke a na-enye ohere maka mkpokọta ọgwụ dị elu iji ruo mkpụrụ ndụ cancer na afọ. Nnyocha e mere egosiwo na chemotherapy IP nwere ike imeziwanye ndụ na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa cancer ovarian dị elu.

Ihe ịma aka na ntụzịaka ga-eme n'ọdịnihu

Mgbe nnyefe ọgwụ mpaghara maka ọrịa kansa na-enye ọtụtụ uru, enwerekwa ihe ịma aka imeri:

• Ọdịiche nke Tumor: Mkpụrụ ndụ cancer dị n'ime akpụ nwere ike ịdị iche iche n'ụdị mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, na-eme ka o sie ike ịchọta mkpụrụ ndụ niile nke ọma.
• Nguzogide ọgwụ: Mkpụrụ ndụ kansa nwere ike ịmalite iguzogide ọgwụ chemotherapy, na-amachi ịdị irè nke nnyefe mpaghara.
• Ihe mgbochi nnyefe: Ụfọdụ etuto ahụ siri ike ịnweta ma ọ bụ nwee ihe mgbochi anụ ahụ nke na-egbochi ọgwụ ị nweta mkpụrụ ndụ kansa niile.
• Nrụpụta na usoro ihe mgbochi: Ịmepụta na imepụta usoro nnyefe ọgwụ mpaghara nwere ike ịdị mgbagwoju anya yana ọnụ ahịa.

A na-elekwasị anya nyocha n'ọdịnihu n'ịgbaso ihe ịma aka ndị a:

• Ịmepụta atụmatụ ịchebe ọkaibe karia iji merie ihe dị iche iche tumor.
• Ijikọta nnyefe ọgwụ mpaghara na usoro ọgwụgwọ ndị ọzọ, dị ka immunotherapy na ọgwụgwọ ezubere iche, iji merie nguzogide ọgwụ.
• Ịmepụta usoro nnyefe ọgwụ ọhụrụ nke nwere ike ịbanye na etuto ahụ nke ọma.
• Ịkwalite usoro mmepụta na nhazi maka usoro nnyefe ọgwụ mpaghara.

Mmechi

Mbufe ọgwụ na mpaghara maka ọrịa kansa bụ ụzọ na-ekwe nkwa nke nwere ike imeziwanye ọgwụgwọ ọgwụgwọ ma belata mmetụta. Ka nyocha na-aga n'ihu, usoro a nwere ike na-ekere òkè dị mkpa na ọgwụgwọ ọrịa cancer. Site n'ịkwado ọgwụ ozugbo na saịtị etuto ahụ, nnyefe mpaghara nwere ike inye olileanya ọhụrụ maka ndị ọrịa na-alụso ọrịa a ọgụ ọgụ.

Nkọwa okwu

Ntụaka

1. Westphal, M., Hilt, D. C., Bortey, E., Del Mastro, R. F.,习惯, Kieser, M., & Combs, S. E. (2003). Ọnwụnwa nke nkeji 3 nke chemotherapy mpaghara nwere carmustine biodegradable (BCNU) wafers (Gliadel wafers) na ndị ọrịa nwere glioma isi. * Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Clinical Oncology*, *21*(24), 4414-4419.