ʻO ka maʻi maʻi pancreatic: ʻike, ʻike, a me nā koho lapaʻau 

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic he maʻi ia e hana ʻia ai nā ʻiʻo ʻino i loko o nā ʻiʻo o ka pancreas, he ʻokena aia ma hope o ka ʻōpū e hana nui ana i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke kō a me ke kō. ʻAʻole maopopo nā hōʻailona a hiki ke komo i ka ʻeha ʻōpū, ka jaundice, a me ka pohō kaumaha. He mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā hopena.

Ka hoomaopopo ana i ka Pancreas a Ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic

He aha ka Pancreas?

ʻO ka pancreatic kahi ʻāpana ʻeleʻele i loko o ka ʻōpū. ʻElua mau hana nui:

• Hana Exocrine: Hoʻopuka i nā enzymes e kōkua i ka ʻeli ʻana i ka meaʻai.
• Hana endocrine: Hoʻopuka i nā hormones e like me ka insulin a me ka glucagon e hoʻoponopono i ke kō koko.

Ma muli o kona wahi i loko o ka ʻōpū, maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic hiki ke paʻakikī ke ʻike i kona wā mua.

Nā ʻano o Ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā maʻi maʻi pancreatic ʻO nā maʻi maʻi exocrine, ʻo ia hoʻi nā adenocarcinomas. ʻO kēia mau maʻi koko e puka mai ana mai nā pūnaewele e laina ana i nā aʻa pancreatic.

• Adenocarcinoma: ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau, helu ʻia ma kahi o 95% o nā hihia.
• Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs): ʻAʻohe mea maʻamau, e ala mai i nā cell hana hormone. Ke ulu mālie nei kēia mau mea ma mua o nā adenocarcinomas.

He loea ʻo Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute i ka noiʻi a me nā hoʻolālā lapaʻau no nā ʻano maʻi maʻi like ʻole maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic. Pono ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi no ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka lapaʻau pilikino. Kipa Shandong Baofa Cancer Research Institute no ka ʻike hou aku.

Nā mea pilikia no Ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic

Hiki i kekahi mau kumu ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka ulu ʻana maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic:

• Puhi: He kumu pilikia nui.
• Diabetes: Hoʻonui ka maʻi diabetes i ka wā lōʻihi.
• ʻObesity: Hoʻopili ʻia ke kaumaha nui a i ʻole ka momona i ka nui o ka pilikia.
• Moʻolelo ʻohana: He moʻolelo ʻohana o maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic hoʻonui i ka pilikia.
• ʻO ka maʻi pancreatitis mau loa: ʻO ka mumū lōʻihi o ka pancreas.
• makahiki: Piʻi ka pilikia me ka makahiki, ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka poʻe ʻelemakule.
• Kekahi mau Genetic Syndromes: E like me BRCA1/2 mutations, Lynch syndrome, a me Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.

Nā hōʻailona o Ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic

ʻAkahi-pae maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic ʻaʻohe mau hōʻailona pinepine. I ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa, hiki ke komo i nā hōʻailona:

• ʻEha ʻōpū: ʻO ka ʻeha pinepine ma ka ʻōpū o luna e ʻā ana i ke kua.
• ʻO Jaundice: ʻO ka melemele ʻana o ka ʻili a me nā maka, hele pinepine ʻia me ka mimi ʻeleʻele a me ka ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele.
• Pau kaumaha: Pohō kaumaha ʻole i wehewehe ʻia.
• Pau ka ʻai: Ka māʻona wikiwiki a i ʻole ka pōloli.
• Nausea a me ka luaʻi:
• Diabetes: ʻO ka maʻi diabetes hou a i ʻole ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes e loaʻa nei.
• Nā hoʻololi ʻana i ka maʻamau o ka ʻōpū: Me ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole ka constipation.

He mea koʻikoʻi ke nīnau i ke kauka inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona, ʻoi aku ka nui inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā kumu pilikia maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic.

ʻIkepili o Ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic

Ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic ʻO ka mea maʻamau e pili ana i kahi hui o nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi a me nā biopsies:

• Nā hoʻāʻo kiʻi:
  • CT Scan: Hāʻawi i nā kiʻi kikoʻī o ka pancreas a me nā ʻāpana a puni.
  • MRI: Hoʻohana i nā māla magnetic e hana i nā kiʻi o ka pancreas.
  • Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS): Hoʻohana i kahi endoscope me kahi ʻimi ultrasound e ʻike i ka pancreas.
  • PET scan: Hiki ke kōkua i ka ʻike inā ua laha ke kanesa i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
• Biopsy: Lawe ʻia kahi laʻana o ka ʻiʻo mai ka pancreas a nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope e hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi kanesa. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ma ka EUS a i ʻole ma o kahi biopsy nila i alakaʻi ʻia e ke kiʻi.
• Nā hoʻāʻo koko: Hiki ke ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o kekahi mau pūmua a i ʻole nā enzyme i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic.

ʻO ke kau ʻana o Ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic

Kōkua ka staging e hoʻoholo i ka nui o ke kanesa a alakaʻi i nā hoʻoholo lapaʻau. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana staging i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo ka ʻōnaehana TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis):

• T (Tumo): Hōʻike i ka nui a me ka nui o ka maʻi maʻi mua.
• N (Puna): Hōʻike inā ua laha ka maʻi maʻi i nā ʻōpū lymph kokoke.
• M (Metastasis): Hōʻike inā ua laha ka maʻi kanesa i nā ʻōpū mamao.

Nā koho lapaʻau no Ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic

Lapaʻau no maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic pili i ka pae o ka maʻi kanesa, ke olakino holoʻokoʻa o ka mea maʻi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hiki i nā koho ke komo:

ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana

ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa no ka reectable maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic (ka maʻi kanesa hiki ke hoʻopau loa ʻia). ʻO nā ʻano o ka ʻoki ʻana.

• ʻO ke kaʻina hana Whipple (Pancreaticoduodenectomy): ʻO ka wehe ʻana i ke poʻo o ka pancreas, kahi hapa o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, ka gallbladder, a me kahi hapa o ka ʻōpū.
• ʻO ka maʻi pancreatectomy: Ka wehe ʻana i ka huelo o ka pancreas.
• Huina Pancreatectomy: ʻO ka wehe ʻana i ka pancreas holoʻokoʻa (kakaʻikahi ka hana).

Kemoterapi

Hoʻohana ʻo Chemotherapy i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pepehi i nā maʻi kanesa. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma mua o ka ʻoki ʻana (neoadjuvant therapy), ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana (adjuvant therapy), a i ʻole ma ke ʻano he lapaʻau nui no ka holomua. maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic. ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau chemotherapy maʻamau ka:

• ʻO Gemcitabine
• FOLFIRINOX (ka hui pū ʻana o ka waikawa folinic, fluorouracil, irinotecan, a me ka oxaliplatin)
• Abraxane (paclitaxel albumin paʻa)

Lapaʻau Radiation

Hoʻohana ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā kukuna ikaika nui e pepehi i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi. Hiki ke hoʻohana pū ʻia me ka chemotherapy, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no ka pae mua maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic ʻaʻole hiki ke wehe ʻia ma ke kaʻe.

ʻO ka Lapaʻau Kūlohelohe

Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā molekole kikoʻī e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o ka cell cancer a me ke ola. No ka laʻana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka olaparib i nā poʻe maʻi me nā hoʻololi BRCA.

Immunotherapy

Hoʻohana ka Immunotherapy i ke kino ponoʻī o ke kino e hakakā i ka maʻi kanesa. ʻOiai ʻaʻole i hoʻohana nui ʻia no maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic, ke noiʻi ʻia nei i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau.

Nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau he mau noiʻi noiʻi e noiʻi ana i nā ala hou e mālama ai i ka maʻi kanesa. ʻO nā maʻi me maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic hiki ke noʻonoʻo e komo i kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau e komo ai i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou.

Malama Palliative

Hoʻopili ka mālama palliative i ka hoʻomaha ʻana i nā hōʻailona a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ke ola no nā poʻe maʻi me ka holomua maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic. Hiki iā ia ke komo i ka hoʻoponopono ʻeha, ke kākoʻo meaʻai, a me ke kākoʻo naʻau.

Uku Ola no Ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic

Ka uku ola no maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic ʻokoʻa ma muli o ka pae o ka maʻi kanesa a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hiki i ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i nā hopena. Wahi a ka American Cancer Society, ʻo ka 5 makahiki pili ola ola no nā pae āpau o maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic ma kahi o 12%. Eia nō naʻe, no ka maʻi maʻi i ʻike ʻia ma kona pae mua loa (localized), ʻo 5 mau makahiki ola ola ma kahi o 44%. [Kumu: American Cancer Society]

Hōʻike ka papa ma lalo nei i nā helu ola 5 makahiki ma ka pae:

He mau kuhi kēia mau helu a hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā hopena o kēlā me kēia kanaka.

Noho me Ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic

Noho me maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic hiki ke paʻakikī, ma ke kino a me ka naʻau. Hiki i nā hui kākoʻo, ka ʻōlelo aʻo, a me nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe ke kōkua i nā maʻi a me ko lākou ʻohana e hoʻokō i ka maʻi.